A protective helmet having multiple protective zones, including an inner shell having a first inner surface and a first outer surface, an outer shell having a second inner surface, a second outer surface, and at least one window defined by said outer shell, said outer shell functionally attached to said inner shell, an elastomeric zone between said first outer surface and said second inner surface, a plurality of sinusoidal springs positioned in said elastomeric zone, each of the plurality of sinusoidal springs including a first end, and a second end, a force indicator tab in operative contact with said second end of at least one of said plurality of sinusoidal springs, wherein said force indicator tab is displaced in said at least one window by said second end when said helmet is impacted with sufficient force, and a transmission device.

An impact reducing headgear is disclosed which utilizes dynamically responsive materials which undergo physical changes during exposure to impact forces, such that physical changes or phase changes absorb energy. The helmet may be constructed with a dual shell structure and a bladder, where the dynamically responsive materials may be contained.

The invention relates to a composite material comprising an upper layer, a lower layer and means arranged so as to diffuse substantially transversely at least part of the kinetic energy induced by an impact on one of said layers, said means cooperating on both sides, with the upper layer and the lower layer. The diffusion means can consist in a network of interassembled base elements and of cavities, forming a three-dimensional structure. The invention also relates to a protection device comprising an insert, said insert consisting of a composite material according to the invention.

A helmet detects shear force impacts. Indicator elements in the helmet or protective gear provides a visual indication, an audio indication, or a combination is contained in the surface of the outer shell of the helmet and detects when there is a mechanical force imparted on the helmet. One or more sensors are embedded in the helmet and detect when a shear force is imparted on the helmet. In other embodiments, the sensors can detect that there was a mechanical force on the helmet and also measure the energy of the force. The outer surface of the helmet may have a lining that changes appearance with a shear impact force hits the surface of the helmet.

A wind and water hat includes a hat body, a hat brim carried by the hat body and at least one generally flexible brim wire provided in the hat brim. The hat brim ratchets with respect to the brim wire or wires responsive to force applied to the hat brim.

The disclosure relates to an irreversible dosimetric shock-detection substrate as well as related articles and methods. The shock-detection substrate incorporates a plurality of microcapsules serving as an irreversible means for detecting impact on the substrate. A shock above a characteristic threshold level experienced by the substrate induces an irreversible detectable change associated with the microcapsules upon shock-induced rupture. The irreversible detectable change provides a tamper-proof and non-electronic means for detecting a shock or impact. The shock-detection substrates can be incorporated into a variety of articles and used in a variety of settings, for example to monitor personal safety, to monitor article integrity, to monitor the end of the useful life of the shock-detection substrate itself, or in any other setting where it is desirable to irreversibly detect and/or localize a shock event.

An impact indicator for sports equipment includes an indicating portion having an inner end disposed adjacent an attachment portion and an outer end closed by a sight glass. The indicating portion contains a first component and a second component that react with one another to produce a visual indication in response to an impact event that exceeds a predetermined threshold. The first component may be a first fluid and the second component may be a second fluid. The first fluid mixes with the second fluid in response to the impact event and causes a change in a physical property and/or appearance of a mixture of the first fluid and the second fluid that is visible through the sight glass from the exterior of the sports equipment.

An indicator device comprising a first carrier material; a first pigment disposed in the first carrier material, the first pigment capable of being degraded by exposure to UV radiation; and wherein the first carrier material is configured so as to have a varying thickness such that upon exposure to UV radiation, a visible change in the pigment will occur which will result in a varying visible change over a first surface of the first carrier material.

The present disclosure provides a helmet for a user's head, comprising a shell configured to at least partially surrounds the user's head, an energy-absorbing layer, and a plurality of collapsible modular elements that are individually removably attached to and detached from the helmet. Collapsible modular elements, as used herein, are elements attached to the helmet that collapse or otherwise crush and permanently deform or to temporarily deform upon receiving an impact force of a particular pre-determined amount. By collapsing, energy from the impact is more effectively absorbed instead of being transferred to the user of the helmet.

A strap with a failure indicator and a safety device including the strap. The strap comprises: a main body structure formed by knitting; and one or more second yarns integrated straight into the main body structure in the length direction of the main body structure along the entire length of the main body structure and at least partially fixed to the main body structure, wherein the main body structure and the second yarn are selected such that the main body structure and the second yarn are elongated and do not break under a predetermined amount of a tensile force, and after the tensile force is released, the main body structure retracts, such that at least one second yarn at least partially protrudes from a plane of the main body structure to form a failure indicating loop. The safety device comprises a component formed by the strap with a failure indicator.