A magnetic sensor 1 includes a plurality of MR elements disposed in first to fourth areas. Each of the first to fourth areas includes a first end edge and a second end edge located at both ends in a first reference direction, and a third end edge and a fourth end edge located at both ends in a second reference direction. Each of the first and second end edges extends along the second reference direction. Each of the third and fourth end edges extends along a third reference direction. Each of the plurality of MR elements has a shape long in a direction different from each of the first reference direction, the second reference direction, and the third reference direction.

A measuring device for determining magnetic properties of a magnetizable test specimen comprises a measuring coil winding which passes around a magnetizable measuring coil core. The measuring coil core comprises magnetic flux passage faces arranged at a distance from one another. The test specimen is arranged adjacently to the magnetic flux passage faces. A high-current pulse through the measuring coil winding causes a magnetic flux through the measuring coil core and the test specimen. A temporal profile of electrical characteristic variables of the measuring coil winding is detected using a sensor device. The electrical characteristic variables of the measuring coil winding detected by the sensor device are set in a ratio to additionally ascertained electrical characteristic variables of the measuring coil winding without the test specimen. A magnetic property of the test specimen is determined from the ratio of the electrical characteristic variables to one another.

A method, device, and system for detecting a current leak in a traction power rail. Magnetic or electrical properties of the rail are measured. The measurements are performed using a rail instrument that senses the properties around the rail at various times while the instrument is being moved down the rail, such as using a cart or train. The rail instrument may be a flux concentrator or open Rogowski coil. The locations of the rail, about which the readings are taken by the rail instrument, may be determined and correlated with the measurements themselves. The method may comprise measuring the magnetic field of the rail along a length of the rail, and identifying a leak based on differences between the magnetic field measurements. The system may comprise a cart comprising the rail instrument and a location instrument.

Disclosed herein is a magnetic sensor that includes a first magnetic field sensor that detects an environmental magnetic field to generate a first magnetic field signal, a second magnetic field sensor that detects a detection target magnetic field to generate a second magnetic field signal, a first filter that removes an AC component in a predetermined frequency band from the first magnetic field signal to extract a DC component, a first compensation coil that applies a first cancelling magnetic field to the second magnetic field sensor based on the DC component, a second compensation coil that applies a second cancelling magnetic field to the second magnetic field sensor based on the second magnetic field signal, and a second filter that removes an AC component in at least a predetermined frequency band from the second magnetic field signal.

A magnetic sensor includes a magnetic sensor chip that includes a magnetoresistive effect element and a sealed part. The magnetoresistive effect element includes a free layer and a pinned layer. The sealed part has a first surface and a second surface, which is opposite the first surface. The shape of the sealed part in the plan view from the first surface side is substantially quadrilateral. The substantially quadrilateral shape has a first side and a second side, which are substantially parallel to each other. In the plan view, from the first surface side of the sealed part, the magnetization direction of the pinned layer, in a state in which the external magnetic field is not applied on the magnetoresistive effect element, is inclined with respect to an approximately straight line found through the least squares method using a plurality of points arbitrarily set on the first side.

A method of determining a gradient of a magnetic field, includes the steps of: biasing a first/second magnetic sensor with a first/second biasing signal; measuring and amplifying a first/second magnetic sensor signal; measuring a temperature and/or a stress difference; adjusting at least one of: the second biasing signal, the second amplifier gain, the amplified and digitized second sensor value using a predefined function f(T) or f(T, ΔΣ) or f(ΔΣ) of the measured temperature and/or the measured differential stress before determining a difference between the first/second signal/value derived from the first/second sensor signal. A magnetic sensor device is configured for performing this method, as well as a current sensor device, and a position sensor device.

An integrated sensor and method for manufacturing the sensor includes a first component having a first material with a predetermined first value of coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), and a second component over the first component. The second component includes a second material with a predetermined second value of CTE different from the first value. An interlayer is provided by molecular layer deposition, for minimizing stress caused by coefficient of thermal expansion mismatch between the first and second components. The interlayer includes an organic-inorganic hybrid polymer compound.

A magnetic sensor includes a magnetoresistive element having a sensitivity axis in a Y direction, a magnetic shield disposed apart in a Z direction from the magnetoresistive element and configured to attenuate the intensity of a magnetic field to be measured, and a magnetic balance coil. The magnetic shield includes a first shield part longitudinally extending in the X direction and second shield parts provided on either side of the first shield part. The first shield part has a portion that overlaps the magnetoresistive element when viewed in the Z direction. Each second shield part has a portion that overlaps the magnetoresistive element when viewed in the X direction. A magnetic path for a magnetic field in the X direction can be formed from one of the second shield parts to the other one of the second shield parts via the first shield part.

An electronic system for monitoring a trailer hitch assembly having a hitch plate with a throat for receiving a kingpin of a trailer and a locking mechanism for locking the kingpin in the throat, the electronic system determining whether the trailer hitch assembly is properly coupled to the trailer and including a plurality of magnets each creating a magnetic flux, at least one Hall-effect sensor for sensing the position of a kingpin of a trailer relative to the throat of the hitch plate by measuring the magnetic flux, and a circuit member comprising a magnetically permeable material, wherein the plurality of magnets, the at least one Hall-effect sensor, and the circuit member are each in series with one another.

The present disclosure provides a magnetic field sensor system, comprising an AMR magnetic field sensor and an overcurrent detection sensor. The overcurrent detection sensor comprises an AMR sensing element connected in a half bride arrangement with a field insensitive component. The output of the overcurrent detection sensor is able to monitor the strength of the magnetic field experiences by the sensor system, and detect if the magnet field goes beyond a sensing threshold of the AMR magnetic field sensor. Outside of this threshold, the AMR magnet field sensor is unable to provide a measurement of the magnetic field strength. The overcurrent detection sensor can therefore detect that the system is operating in very high magnetic fields, which in turn can indicate that there is overcurrent in the system.