The invention relates to a solution for determining events related to photons and charged particles useful in therapies that use methodologies related to hadron therapy. In one aspect of the invention, it relates to a device having a sandwich-type structure of photon-detecting panels (1) and charged particle-detecting panels (2), which can be suitably associated with respective sensors. Also included is a method for detecting photons and charged particles that uses the aforementioned device. Lastly, a specific use of the object of the invention in hadron therapy is described.

The invention relates to a solution for determining events related to photons and charged particles useful in therapies that use methodologies related to hadron therapy. In one aspect of the invention, it relates to a device having a sandwich-type structure of photon-detecting panels (1) and charged particle-detecting panels (2), which can be suitably associated with respective sensors. Also included is a method for detecting photons and charged particles that uses the aforementioned device. Lastly, a specific use of the object of the invention in hadron therapy is described.

A medical imaging tool is described, capable of providing in real time 2-D images of the prompt gamma fields released during patient treatment. Owing to its millimetre position accuracy, the instrument is particularly suited for applications where a precise determination of the end-of-range (Bragg peak) of the beam is of paramount importance, as in cancerous and non-cancerous targets for treatment with ion beams and for the treatment of atrial fibrillation. With its unique dual-layer conception in coincidence, the instrument has high rejection ability against false neutron-generated counts, the principal source of background noise for in-beam dose monitoring. It can also provide a coarse measurement of the gamma incidence angle, permitting a correction of the parallax error, main source of dispersion for large area detectors employing collimators.

Examples of the present disclosure relate to a particle beam dose profile measurement apparatus comprising a particle detector stack comprising a plurality of scintillator layers. Each scintillator layer of the detector stack is disposed along an axis of the apparatus such that the axis projects through each layer. Each scintillator layer is configured to produce scintillation light indicative of an energy deposition, in that scintillator, of a particle beam incident upon the detector stack along said axis. The apparatus comprises readout circuitry configured to measure the scintillation light of each scintillator layer; and dose profile determination circuitry configured to determine a dose profile of said particle beam within the detector stack. Said determining is based on the measured scintillation light of each scintillator layer, and a quenching correction.

A system for measuring a radiant exposure of electromagnetic radiation includes an accumulation detection module having a detector and configured to continuously monitor an electromagnetic radiation received by the detector; and an adaptive circuit configured to periodically interrogate the accumulation detection module; adjust a frequency of interrogation of the accumulation detection module based on an intensity of the electromagnetic radiation received by the detector; and autonomously transmit information related to an amount of the electromagnetic radiation received by the detector to a remote device.

A wearable radon detector is an apparatus that measures radon exposure around a user. The apparatus includes a housing, an elongated plate, and a radon-detecting foil strip. The housing contains the elongated plate and the radon-detecting foil strip. The elongated plate positions and maneuvers the radon-detecting foil strip. The housing includes a receptacle portion, a storage portion, a first breakaway line, a plate-receiving slot, and a plurality of air passages. The elongated plate includes a grasping member, a setting member, and a second breakaway line. Radon collects within the receptacle portion through the plurality of air passages. The storage portion shields the radon-detecting foil strip once setting member has been slid from the receptacle portion and into the storage portion, the receptacle portion has been separated from storage portion along the first breakaway line, and the grasping member has been separated from the setting member along the second breakaway line.

Automation of microscopic pathological diagnosis relies on digital image quality, which, in turn, affects the rates of false positive and negative cellular objects designated as abnormalities. Cytogenetic biodosimetry is a genotoxic assay that detects dicentric chromosomes (DCs) arising from exposure to ionizing radiation. The frequency of DCs is related to radiation dose received, so the inferred radiation dose depends on the accuracy of DC detection. To improve this accuracy, image segmentation methods are used to rank high quality cytogenetic images and eliminate suboptimal metaphase cell data in a sample based on novel quality measures. When sufficient numbers of high quality images are found, the microscope system is directed to terminate metaphase image collection for a sample. The International Atomic Energy Agency recommends at least 500 images be used to estimate radiation dose, however often many more images are collected in order to select the metaphase cells with good morphology for analysis. Improvements in DC recognition increase the accuracy of dose estimates, by reducing false positive (FP) DC detection. A set of chromosome morphology segmentation methods selectively filtered out false DCs, arising primarily from extended prometaphase chromosomes, sister chromatid separation and chromosome fragmentation. This reduced FPs by 55% and was highly specific to the abnormal structures (≥97.7%). Additional procedures were then developed to fully automate image review, resulting in 6 image-level filters that, when combined, selectively remove images with consistently unparsable or incorrectly segmented chromosome morphologies. Overall, these filters can eliminate half of the FPs detected by manual image review. Optimal image selection and FP DCs are minimized by combining multiple feature based segmentation filters and a novel image sorting procedure based on the known distribution of chromosome lengths. Consequently, the average dose estimation error was reduced from 0.4 Gy to <0.2 Gy with minimal manual review required. Automated image selection with these filters reduces the number of images that are required to capture metaphase cells, thus decreasing the number of images and time required for each sample. A microscope system integrates image selection procedures controls with an automated digitally controlled microscope then determines at what point a sufficient number of metaphase cell images have been acquired to accurately determine radiation dose, which then terminates data collection by the microscope. These image filtering approaches constitute a reliable and scalable solution that results in more accurate and rapid radiation dose es

Automation of microscopic pathological diagnosis relies on digital image quality, which, in turn, affects the rates of false positive and negative cellular objects designated as abnormalities. Cytogenetic biodosimetry is a genotoxic assay that detects dicentric chromosomes (DCs) arising from exposure to ionizing radiation. The frequency of DCs is related to radiation dose received, so the inferred radiation dose depends on the accuracy of DC detection. To improve this accuracy, image segmentation methods are used to rank high quality cytogenetic images and eliminate suboptimal metaphase cell data in a sample based on novel quality measures. When sufficient numbers of high quality images are found, the microscope system is directed to terminate metaphase image collection for a sample. The International Atomic Energy Agency recommends at least 500 images be used to estimate radiation dose, however often many more images are collected in order to select the metaphase cells with good morphology for analysis. Improvements in DC recognition increase the accuracy of dose estimates, by reducing false positive (FP) DC detection. A set of chromosome morphology segmentation methods selectively filtered out false DCs, arising primarily from extended prometaphase chromosomes, sister chromatid separation and chromosome fragmentation. This reduced FPs by 55% and was highly specific to the abnormal structures (≥97.7%). Additional procedures were then developed to fully automate image review, resulting in 6 image-level filters that, when combined, selectively remove images with consistently unparsable or incorrectly segmented chromosome morphologies. Overall, these filters can eliminate half of the FPs detected by manual image review. Optimal image selection and FP DCs are minimized by combining multiple feature based segmentation filters and a novel image sorting procedure based on the known distribution of chromosome lengths. Consequently, the average dose estimation error was reduced from 0.4 Gy to <0.2 Gy with minimal manual review required. Automated image selection with these filters reduces the number of images that are required to capture metaphase cells, thus decreasing the number of images and time required for each sample. A microscope system integrates image selection procedures controls with an automated digitally controlled microscope then determines at what point a sufficient number of metaphase cell images have been acquired to accurately determine radiation dose, which then terminates data collection by the microscope. These image filtering approaches constitute a reliable and scalable solution that results in more accurate and rapid radiation dose es

An apparatus, for dose measurement designed for use in an x-ray device, is disclosed. In an embodiment, the apparatus includes a mirror element designed to inject a light field into an x-ray beam penetrating through the mirror element; and a measuring device to measure radiation-induced changes to a carrier material. The carrier material is part of the mirror element and/or another component of the apparatus, which lies in the radiation field of the x-ray device when used normally in an x-ray device. A corresponding method for dose measurement and to an x-ray device is also disclosed.

A dosimeter assembly being placed within an inner volume of a test article for evaluating an image produced by an x-ray computed tomography (CT) system. The dosimeter assembly includes: a dosimeter having a display, a dosimeter shelf that supports the dosimeter; and an alignment bracket that positions the dosimeter on the dosimeter shelf. The dosimeter shelf is operable to be mounted within the x-ray computed tomography system test article, and the display of the dosimeter is viewable through a dosimeter window which is disposed at a front end of the x-ray computed tomography system test article, wherein the dosimeter assembly is accessible through an access panel directly beneath the dosimeter assembly, the access panel being an opening which is disposed on a base of the x-ray computer tomography system test article. The dosimeter is operably connected to a connection interface which is configured to exchange communication with an external device.