An embodiment of the present invention relates to a driving device comprising: a second guide part; a first guide part disposed in the second guide part; an optical unit disposed in the first guide part; a first driving part disposed in the optical unit; and a second driving part disposed opposite to the first driving part, wherein the first guide part comprises: a first fixing part coupled to the second guide part; a first moving part connected to the optical unit; and a first connection part for connecting the first fixing part to the first moving part, and the optical unit is tilted about the first connection part by the first moving part.

Optical element (1) comprising a sealed volume (15), a first window (11), a second window (12) and a membrane (13), wherein the membrane (13) encloses the sealed volume (15) in lateral directions and the membrane (13) encloses the sealed volume (15) in directions perpendicular to lateral directions, or the first window (11) and the second window (12) enclose the sealed volume (15) in directions perpendicular to lateral directions, wherein the sealed volume (15) is deformable by tilting the first window (11) with respect to the second window (12), wherein the first window (11) and the second window (12) being spaced apart by a solid structure (14), and the solid structure (14) is arranged to guide a motion of the first window (11) with respect to the second window (12), so that a pressure in the sealed volume (15) is constant.

An optical system is provided. The optical system includes a first optical module with a first light-entering hole, a second optical module with a second light-entering hole, and a third optical module with a third light-entering hole. The second light-entering hole is close to the first light-entering hole and the third light-entering hole. The focal length of the second optical module is different from the focal length of the first optical module and the focal length of the third optical module.

An optical member driving mechanism is provided. The optical member driving mechanism includes a movable portion and a fixed portion. The movable portion includes a holder for holding an optical member with an optical axis. The movable portion is movable relative to the fixed portion. The fixed portion has a housing and a base. The housing is disposed on the base, and includes a top surface and a side surface. The top surface extends in a direction that is parallel to the optical axis. The side surface extends from an edge of the top surface in a direction that is not parallel to the optical axis. The side surface has a rectangular opening.

A camera assembly is provided. The camera assembly comprises: a frame comprising a first side wall, a second side wall facing the first side wall, and a base formed between the first side wall and the second side wall; a linear driving portion comprising a first movable member coupled to the first side wall to be able to slide and a second movable member coupled to the second side wall to be able to slide; a lens module arranged on the base, the lens module comprising at least one lens and an image sensor; a reflective member comprising a first surface onto which external light is incident and a second surface formed at a predetermined angle with the first surface so as to face the lens; and a holder on which the reflective member is disposed, the holder comprising a support portion supported on the base so as to rotate around a first rotational axis perpendicular to the optical axis of the lens and around a second rotational axis perpendicular to the optical axis and to the first rotational axis. The first movable member is connected to one side of the reflective member, with reference to the support portion, and the second movable member is connected to the other side thereof. When the first movable member and the second movable member move in the same direction, the reflective member may rotate around the first rotational axis. When the first movable member and the second movable member move in different directions, the reflective member may rotate around the second rotational axis.

A target object providing a large angular incidence range for retroreflection and a reduced amount of interfering reflections. The target object is configured to provide a 360° all-around retroreflection about a vertical axis and ±45° angular incidence range from the horizontal. According to one aspect, the target object comprises eight triple prisms arranged around the arrangement axis in such a way that their contour embeds in an octahedral shape, wherein four of the eight triple prisms are arranged to embed in a first pyramidal body and other four of the eight triple prisms are arranged to embed in a second pyramidal body. Each of the first and the second pyramidal bodies comprises a pyramid base and four lateral surfaces, wherein the pyramid bases of the first and the second pyramidal bodies are arranged parallel to each other.

A target support tool includes: a base member including a first arm and a second arm connectable to each other to form a bent therebetween; a magnetic support part at least on the first arm; and a retroreflector at the bent of the base member.

A mirror (1) includes a mirror surface (3a) provided on a front surface (3) of a body portion (2), having a plate shape and made of ceramics, a recessed portion (6) formed on a back surface (4) of the body portion (2), and a rib (7) provided along edges of the recesses (6) and including a tapered side surface (7a1, 7b1, 7c1).

A mirror (1) includes a mirror surface (3a) provided on a front surface (3) of a body portion (2), having a plate shape and made of ceramics, a recessed portion (6) formed on a back surface (4) of the body portion (2), and a rib (7) provided along edges of the recesses (6) and including a tapered side surface (7a1, 7b1, 7c1).

A camera module includes: an optical path folding member configured to refract or reflect light incident along a first optical axis in a direction of a second optical axis intersecting the first optical axis; a driving assembly configured to provide driving force to rotate the optical path folding member on a plane intersecting the first optical axis; and a first ball bearing and a second ball bearing supporting the optical path folding member such that the optical path folding member is enabled to rotate on the plane. A distance from the first ball bearing to the first optical axis is less than a distance from the second ball bearing to the first optical axis.