An optical system includes a first optical system, a second optical system, and a third optical system. The first optical system divides an input beam into a first light and a second light. The second optical system includes a concave reflective surface which reflects the first light. The third optical system directs at least one of the first light reflected from the second optical system and the second light from the first optical system to an output optical path of the third optical system.

An optical arrangement is provided for converting an input laser beam into a linear output beam propagating along a propagation direction and having in a working plane and a linear beam cross section extending along a line direction and having a non-vanishing intensity. The optical arrangement includes a reshaping optical unit having an input aperture for receiving the input laser beam and an output aperture, and is configured to convert the input laser bean into a beam packet having a multiplicity of beam segments that emerges through the output aperture. In addition, a homogenization optical unit is included having a first lens array and a second lens array arranged downstream of the first lens array in the beam path, the homogenization optical unit configured to mix different beam segments of the beam packet along the line direction. A transformation lens is configured such to superpose the mixed beam segments so as to form the linear output beam, and a displacement device is configured to displace the second lens array relative to the first lens array.

A display assembly includes: a display module including a plurality of pixel islands; and a plurality of lens arrays laminated at a light-exiting side of the display module. Each lens array includes a substrate, a cover plate, a first transparent electrode, a second transparent electrode, and a liquid crystal layer and a diffraction lens grating arranged between the first and second transparent electrodes. The diffraction lens grating includes a plurality of diffraction lens grating units corresponding to the plurality of pixel islands. A voltage is applied to each of the first and the second transparent electrodes in such a manner that a refractive index of a liquid crystal molecule in the liquid crystal layer is equal to or not equal to a refractive index of the diffraction lens grating.

An apparatus includes a reflective beam shaper configured to receive an input optical signal having a first energy distribution and generate an output optical signal having a second energy distribution different from the first energy distribution. The reflective beam shaper includes multiple reflective mirrors including a first mirror and a second mirror. The first mirror may include a first aspheric reflector configured to reflect the input optical signal as a first intermediate optical signal having a changing energy distribution. The second mirror may include a second aspheric reflector configured to reflect one of the first intermediate optical signal or a second intermediate optical signal as the output optical signal. A third mirror may include a third aspheric reflector configured to reflect the first intermediate optical signal as the second intermediate optical signal having another changing energy distribution.

A cigarette temperature detection device including multiple cylindrical convex lenses is provided, wherein each of the cylindrical convex lenses has a thicker central wall between two thinner end walls formed by rotating a parallel line at a predetermined distance around a long axis of an elliptical-like section resulting from cutting the circular convex lens by a plane perpendicular to a centerline. The disclosed cigarette temperature detection device allows accurate and reliable detection of a temperature of an entire circumferential surface of a cigarette on site.

An apparatus may include a first emitter and a second emitter. The first emitter may be configured to emit visible light comprising first heads up display information to be displayed to a driver of a vehicle. The second emitter may be configured to emit infrared light comprising second heads up display information to be displayed to one or more rear seat passengers of the vehicle.

A waveguide illuminator includes an input waveguide, a waveguide splitter coupled to the input waveguide, and a waveguide array coupled to the waveguide splitter. The waveguide array includes an array of out-couplers out-coupling portions of the split light beam to form an array of out-coupled beam portions for illuminating a display panel. To reduce optical interference, the waveguide illuminator may have two interlaced waveguide arrays energized by two different light sources. Output polarizations of neighboring light pixels of a display illuminated with such waveguide illuminator may be orthogonal to each other. The frames to be displayed may be broken down into sequentially displayed sub-frames with interleaved pixels.

A laser (14) includes an optical amplifier array system (17) that generates a plurality of laser beams (24); and a beam combiner (18) that coherently combines the plurality of laser beams (24) to form a combination beam (26) having a hollow center in a near field. The combination beam (26) with the hollow center allows for the use of a beam director (19) having an on-axis, reflective beam expander (21) without (i) loss in power, (ii) degradation of beam quality, or (iii) excessive heating of the beam expander (21).

A method for providing spectral beam combining (SBC) including generating a plurality seed beams each having a central wavelength and a low fill factor profile, where the wavelength of all of the seed beams is different; amplifying the seed beams; causing the amplified beams to expand as they propagate so as to be converted from the low fill factor profile to a high fill factor profile where the high fill factor profile tapers to a lower value at a perimeter of each beam; causing a wavefront of the converted beams to flatten to provide a plurality of adjacent SBC beams having different wavelengths with minimal overlap and a minimal gap between the beams; collimating the SBC beams; and directing the collimated SBC beams onto an SBC element that spatially diffracts the individual beam wavelengths and directing the beams in the same direction as a combined output beam.

The disclosure provides a control device of an annealing device, which is capable of further suppressing a temperature of a surface opposite to a laser irradiation surface from rising. A beam spot of a pulsed laser beam output from a laser light source on a surface of an annealed target is shaped into a long shape in one direction by a beam shaping optical element. A movement mechanism moves the beam spot with respect to the annealed target. The control device controls the laser light source and the movement mechanism and performs annealing by performing a sweep operation of moving the beam spot in a longitudinal direction of the beam spot with respect to the annealed target while causing the pulsed laser beam to be incident on the annealed target.