The invention relates to an illumination apparatus for a microscope, a microscope and a method for operating the illumination apparatus. The illumination apparatus has a sample space for holding a sample that is to be illuminated, and at least one laser light source. An objective for the directional emission of laser radiation of a first wavelength along a first optical axis that is directed into the sample space, and with a cover of the sample space by which the sample space is delimited at least on one of its sides. The cover further has a layer that is either impenetrable for the laser radiation over a blocking angle range of the illumination angle and is transmissive for radiation of a second wavelength over a transmitted light angle range, or has a controllable layer that, in a first control state, is transparent for radiation of the second wavelength and, in a second control state, is impenetrable for the laser radiation of the first wavelength.

Regarding a flexible display apparatus, a technique capable of securing connection performance between the members in the thickness direction and reducing the change of the cell gap, and besides, achieving favorable optical property such as the improvement of the aperture ratio is provided. A display apparatus 1 includes: a first substrate SB1 having flexibility; a second substrate SB2 having flexibility; a liquid crystal layer LQ serving as an electrooptic layer; and a display area made of these components. The second substrate SB2 includes: a color filter (second color filter CF2) arranged in a region corresponding to an opening P1 of each pixel in the display area in a plan view; and a first light blocking film BM1 having an ultraviolet-light transmitting property and arranged in a region corresponding to a non-opening P2 between pixels. The electrooptic layer includes a polymer wall PW arranged in a region overlapping the first light blocking film BM1 in a plan view, the region overlapping this film, and connecting a surface Sf11 of the first substrate SB1 and a surface Sf22 of the second substrate SB2.

The present invention provides a display device, including: a first chromatic light source configured to generate first chromatic light, a dichroic reflection layer disposed on a light emergent side of the first chromatic light source and allowing the first chromatic light to pass through, and a quantum dot layer. The dichroic reflection layer has a first surface facing away from the first chromatic light source, and the first surface has a plurality of recessed portions. The quantum dot layer includes a plurality of quantum dot blocks, and the quantum dot blocks are disposed corresponding to the recessed portions.

A high laser damage threshold reflective optically addressed liquid crystal spatial light modulator for shaping 1053 nm linearly polarized light beams, comprising a computer-controlled LCoS electrical addressable spatial light modulator, polarization beam splitter, and polarizer, Liquid crystal cell, analyzer, AC power supply, where the liquid crystal cell comprises a transparent conductive film antireflection film layer, a transparent conductive film base layer, a first transparent conductive layer, a liquid crystal alignment layer, a liquid crystal layer, an alignment element, a reflective film layer, a light guide layer, and a second transparent conductive layer. By changing the transparent conductive layer material of the light-transmitting part of the liquid crystal cell from ITO to gallium nitride material, the damage threshold of the high-energy laser is improved, which facilitates application of beam shaping in high-power laser devices.

A multi-conjugate filter (MCF) can be operated in both a single bandpass mode and a multiple bandpass mode. By applying different voltages to different channels of a MCF, the MCF can be used to filter light into (1) a single narrow spectral output or (2) a broad ranged “white light” spectral output.

A beam deflection layer includes: a first selective polarization conversion-splitter that splits first color light in an incident light beam into 1A color light and 1B color light having different polarization directions from each other; a first beam deflector that deflects the 1A first first color light in the light beam from the 1A first selective polarization conversion-splitter, a first selective polarization converter that converts polarization directions of the 1A first first color light and the 1B second first color light in the light beam from the 1A first beam deflector, and a 1B second beam deflector configured to deflect the 1B second first color light in the light beam from the first selective polarization converter. The first color light, the 1A color light, and the 1B color light each have a first wavelength band.

The present invention relates to an optical component comprising a liquid crystal (LC) medium, operable in the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum. The invention further relates to the use of said LC medium in the infrared (IR) region and to devices comprising said optical component. The present invention further relates to an LC medium comprising one or more compounds of the formulae I, II, and III

##STR00001##

##STR00002##

##STR00003##

in which the occurring groups and parameters have the meanings defined in claim 1, and preferably one or more compounds of the formula RO

##STR00004##

in which the occurring groups and parameters have the meanings defined in claim 2.

A pointing unit (100) for use with a free space optical (FSO) communications terminal (105) including an optical arrangement (101) of one or more optically transmissive steering elements (101a, 101b). The steering elements (101a, 101b) are arranged in an optical path of an incident beam (107) entering the optical arrangement (100), and the orientation of at least one element (101a, 101b), and the refractive index of at least one element (101a, 101b), are controllable to steer a beam (107b) towards a target (110).

An apparatus for generating a set of spectral correlation coefficients of an input signal includes: a master laser configured to generate an optical frequency comb signal; a first optical modulator configured to modulate the optical frequency comb signal with an input signal to generate a plurality of spectral copies of the input signal; a dispersive element configured to delay the plurality of spectral copies of the input signal by a wavelength-dependent time delay; a second optical modulator configured to modulate the delayed plurality of spectral copies with a conjugate of the input signal; and an optical comb filter configured to integrate the conjugate modulated plurality of spectral copies of the input signal to generate a set of cyclic autocorrelation coefficients.

A self-seeded optical parametric amplifier (OPA) system includes a cavity mirror, a wavelength conversion unit, and a dichroic filter. The cavity mirror is configured to allow high transmission for an input laser beam and high reflection for a feedback beam. The wavelength conversion unit is configured to convert the input laser beam into a signal laser beam and an idler laser beam. The dichroic filter is configured to allow one of the signal laser beam and the idler laser beam to pass through the dichroic filter and reflect the other one onto a feedback path.