A high laser damage threshold reflective optically addressed liquid crystal spatial light modulator for shaping 1053 nm linearly polarized light beams, comprising a computer-controlled LCoS electrical addressable spatial light modulator, polarization beam splitter, and polarizer, Liquid crystal cell, analyzer, AC power supply, where the liquid crystal cell comprises a transparent conductive film antireflection film layer, a transparent conductive film base layer, a first transparent conductive layer, a liquid crystal alignment layer, a liquid crystal layer, an alignment element, a reflective film layer, a light guide layer, and a second transparent conductive layer. By changing the transparent conductive layer material of the light-transmitting part of the liquid crystal cell from ITO to gallium nitride material, the damage threshold of the high-energy laser is improved, which facilitates application of beam shaping in high-power laser devices.

According to one embodiment, a display device includes an illumination device, a display panel modulating light from the illumination device and emitting image light, a polarized light modulation element transmitting the image light from the display panel and diffusing external light, and a magnification mirror magnifying an image by the image light transmitted through the polarized light modulation element. The polarized light modulation element is a liquid crystal lens including a first substrate, a second substrate, a liquid crystal layer held between the first substrate and the second substrate, and a first control electrode and a second control electrode applying voltage to the liquid crystal layer.

An optical device includes a spatial light modulator configured to project image light, a diffractive lens, and a polarization-selective reflector. The spatial light modulator defines an optical axis. The diffractive lens is positioned to receive the image light from the spatial light modulator. The polarization-selective reflector is positioned to receive the image light from the diffractive lens. The polarization-selective reflector having a polarization-selective reflective surface in an orientation that is non-perpendicular to the optical axis of the spatial light modulator.

Methods, systems, and devices for free-space optical communications. An aircraft includes a flat optical communication terminal on an external surface of the aircraft, the flat optical communication terminal being configured to communicate with a ground station via a free-space optical communication link.

The invention is notably directed to a transflective display device. The device comprises a set of pixels, wherein each of the pixels comprises a portion of bi-stable, phase change material, hereafter a PCM portion, having at least two reversibly switchable states, in which it has two different values of refractive index and/or optical absorption. The device further comprises one or more spacers, optically transmissive, and extending under PCM portions of the set of pixels. One or more reflectors extend under the one or more spacers. An energization structure is in thermal or electrical communication with the PCM portions, via the one or more spacers. Moreover, a display controller is configured to selectively energize, via the energization structure, PCM portions of the pixels, so as to reversibly switch a state of a PCM portion of any of the pixels from one of its reversibly switchable states to the other. A backlight unit is furthermore configured, in the device, to allow illumination of the PCM portions through the one or more spacers. The backlight unit is controlled by a backlight unit controller, which is configured for modulating one or more physical properties of light emitted from the backlight unit. The invention is further directed to related devices and methods of operation.

A metasurface unit cell for use in constructing a metasurface array is provided. The unit cell may include a ground plane layer comprising a first conductive material, and a phase change material layer operably coupled to the ground plane layer. The phase change material layer may include a phase change material configured to transition between an amorphous phase and a crystalline phase in response to a stimulus. The unit cell may further include a patterned element disposed adjacent to the phase change material layer and includes a second conductive material. In response to the phase change material transitioning from a first phase to a second phase, the metasurface unit cell may resonate to generate an electromagnetic signal having a defined wavelength. The first phase may be the amorphous phase or the crystalline phase and the second phase may be the other of the amorphous phase or the crystalline phase.

A privacy display comprises a polarised output spatial light modulator, reflective polariser, plural polar control retarders and a polariser. A birefringent surface relief diffuser structure is arranged to transmit light from the display with high transparency and provide diffuse reflection of ambient light to head-on display users. In a privacy mode of operation, on-axis light from the spatial light modulator is directed without loss and with low diffusion, whereas off-axis light has reduced luminance and increased diffusion. Further, overall display reflectivity is reduced for on-axis reflections of ambient light, while reflectivity is increased for off-axis light. The visibility of the display to off-axis snoopers is reduced by means of luminance reduction, increased frontal reflectivity and diffusion of ambient light. In a public mode of operation, the liquid crystal retardance is adjusted so that off-axis luminance and reflectivity are unmodified.

An optoelectronic system includes a concentration layer, a modulation layer including an array of light modulators, an exit layer that receives the modulation layer output having a modulation layer output spatial distribution and remaps the modulation layer output spatial distribution to a modified spatial distribution. A collector layer receives the modified spatial distribution to produce a collector layer output. A detector receives the collector layer output. A processor controls the modulation layer and receives the detector output to generate an image. The collector layer can receive the modified spatial distribution at a plurality of collector layer inputs and combine the plurality of collector layer inputs at a collector layer output. Modulators can be configured to direct couple modulated light to a collector layer, without using an exit layer. Configurations with spatial light modulator modules and sub-modules are described.

The present disclosure relates to a mirror display device, an image display method, an electronic device and a storage medium are provided and related to the technical field of optics. The mirror display device comprises: an optical switch array (101) comprising multiple optical switches, the optical switches being used for obtaining, in a first state, a first light beam based on incident light; a reflection layer (102) arranged on one side of the optical switch array (101) and used for receiving and reflecting the first light beam incident to the reflection layer (102); and a control module (103) for determining a reflection region and a non-reflection region, controlling the optical switch corresponding to the reflection region to be in the first state, and controlling the optical switch corresponding to the non-reflection region to be in a second state that is different from the first state.

Disclosed is an apparatus for single-pixel imaging using quantum light, the apparatus including: a light source which generates a photon pair through spontaneously parametric down conversion of a non-linear crystal and splits the photon pair into an idler photon of first polarized light and a signal photon of second polarized light; a signal processing unit which aligns the signal photon with the first polarized light and modulates the signal photon with a pattern of a spatial light modulator, and sends the modulated signal photon to a target; and a signal detecting unit which simultaneously measures signal photons collected after an interaction of the idler photon and the target to obtain an image.