Gray-tone lithography techniques for controlling the thickness profile of an overcoat layer on a surface-relief grating that has a non-uniform grating parameter (e.g., depth, duty cycle, or period), compensating for the non-uniform etch rate in a large area, defining etch/block regions, and/or controlling the thickness of the grating layer.

Gray-tone lithography techniques for controlling the thickness profile of an overcoat layer on a surface-relief grating that has a non-uniform grating parameter (e.g., depth, duty cycle, or period), compensating for the non-uniform etch rate in a large area, defining etch/block regions, and/or controlling the thickness of the grating layer.

Provided is a manufacturing method of a flexographic printing plate, which achieves both a depth of a concave portion and reproducibility of independent dots by eliminating an insufficient depth of the concave portion and increasing a cured region around the independent dots. The manufacturing method of a flexographic printing plate includes an exposure step of irradiating, with an energy ray, a flexographic printing plate precursor which includes, in the following order, at least a support, a photosensitive layer, and a mask portion on which an image is formed, through the mask portion to expose the photosensitive layer, and a development step of removing a non-exposed portion of the photosensitive layer. The exposure step includes a step of radiating the energy ray in a state in which, from the photosensitive layer side, the mask portion and a film-like optical element are present in this order between an energy source and the photosensitive layer. The film-like optical element is an element which converges the incident energy ray to enhance directivity and emits the energy ray to the mask portion.

Provided is a manufacturing method of a flexographic printing plate, which achieves both a depth of a concave portion and reproducibility of independent dots by eliminating an insufficient depth of the concave portion and increasing a cured region around the independent dots. The manufacturing method of a flexographic printing plate includes an exposure step of irradiating, with an energy ray, a flexographic printing plate precursor which includes, in the following order, at least a support, a photosensitive layer, and a mask portion on which an image is formed, through the mask portion to expose the photosensitive layer, and a development step of removing a non-exposed portion of the photosensitive layer. The exposure step includes a step of radiating the energy ray in a state in which, from the photosensitive layer side, the mask portion and a film-like optical element are present in this order between an energy source and the photosensitive layer. The film-like optical element is an element which converges the incident energy ray to enhance directivity and emits the energy ray to the mask portion.

According to several embodiments, a composition of matter includes: a three-dimensional structure comprising photo polymerized molecules. At least some of the photo polymerized molecules further comprise one or more protected click-chemistry compatible functional groups; and at least portions of one or more surfaces of the three-dimensional structure are functionalized with one or more of the protected click-chemistry compatible functional groups. An additive manufacturing resin suitable for fabricating a click-chemistry compatible composition of matter includes: a photo polymerizable compound; and a click-chemistry compatible compound. A method of forming an additive manufacturing resin suitable for fabricating a click-chemistry compatible composition of matter includes: reacting a compound comprising a terminal alkyne group or a terminal azide group with a protecting reagent to form a protected reactive diluent precursor, reacting the precursor with a compound to form a protected reactive diluent; and mixing the protected reactive diluent with a photo polymerizable compound.

Methods for making molecular sieves are provided. The molecular sieves are comprised of thin semiconductors films in which a plurality of apertures is defined. The apertures are non-circular, nanoscale openings with tapered sidewalls that selectively pass certain molecules, while discriminating against the passage of other molecules.

The present invention provides a method of making a hydrophobic coating on a curved surface shell and an endoscope. The method forms the hydrophobic coating on the curved surface shell through the following steps. A nanoimprint elastic template is provided, and a nanoimprint structure is formed on the nanoimprint elastic template. A curved surface shell is provided, and a nanoimprint adhesive layer is arranged on the curved surface shell. A side where the nanoimprint structure is located in the nanoimprint elastic template and the nanoimprint adhesive layer are bonded together, and the nanoimprint structure is printed on the nanoimprint adhesive layer, and the nanoimprint adhesive layer is cured.

The present invention provides a method of making a hydrophobic coating on a curved surface shell and an endoscope. The method forms the hydrophobic coating on the curved surface shell through the following steps. A nanoimprint elastic template is provided, and a nanoimprint structure is formed on the nanoimprint elastic template. A curved surface shell is provided, and a nanoimprint adhesive layer is arranged on the curved surface shell. A side where the nanoimprint structure is located in the nanoimprint elastic template and the nanoimprint adhesive layer are bonded together, and the nanoimprint structure is printed on the nanoimprint adhesive layer, and the nanoimprint adhesive layer is cured.

The present invention discloses an apparatus for making direct writing screen plate and a using method thereof. The present invention provides a direct writing screen plate making apparatus and a focal plane control method. A Z-axis controller is used to pre-establish a mapping relation between the focal plane position of the scanning band to be scanned in the next step and the scanning platform position signal. During the next step of scanning, the position of the optical lens is adjusted according to the mapping relation, thus avoiding the problem of inconsistency between the calculated focal plane and the actual focal plane caused by the position deviation between the assembled displacement sensor and the optical lens. The present invention also provides a method for exposing a region of interest and a method for compensating the on-line real-time light uniformity.

The present invention discloses an apparatus for making direct writing screen plate and a using method thereof. The present invention provides a direct writing screen plate making apparatus and a focal plane control method. A Z-axis controller is used to pre-establish a mapping relation between the focal plane position of the scanning band to be scanned in the next step and the scanning platform position signal. During the next step of scanning, the position of the optical lens is adjusted according to the mapping relation, thus avoiding the problem of inconsistency between the calculated focal plane and the actual focal plane caused by the position deviation between the assembled displacement sensor and the optical lens. The present invention also provides a method for exposing a region of interest and a method for compensating the on-line real-time light uniformity.