A programmable integrated circuit, including: at least one component that changes over time, changing autonomously within the integrated circuit, as a function of the time that has elapsed since an initialization phase of the integrated circuit, this change taking place by virtue of an internal radioactive source, at least one control circuit sensitive to the temporal change of the component and having at least one protected internal output that changes state only after a programmable predefined duration has elapsed since the initialization phase of the integrated circuit.

A programmable integrated circuit, including: at least one component that changes over time, changing autonomously within the integrated circuit, as a function of the time that has elapsed since an initialization phase of the integrated circuit, this change taking place by virtue of an internal radioactive source, at least one control circuit sensitive to the temporal change of the component and having at least one protected internal output that changes state only after a programmable predefined duration has elapsed since the initialization phase of the integrated circuit.

A method for unifying a time in a wide area of space, and a space time-keeping system. The method comprises: establishing a wide-area inertial coordinate system, wherein the wide-area inertial coordinate system comprises all local area coordinate systems within a space range covered by a unified time (S101); obtaining an original local time, and establishing a local orbital parameter ephemeris by using the original local time as a time independent variable (S102); observing a pulse profile of a pulsar according to the original local time, and determining a local pulse time, wherein the local pulse time is a coordinate time when a pulse of the pulsar arrives at a local moment (S103); and converting the local pulse time by using the local orbital parameter ephemeris, so as to obtain a pulse origin time.

A method for unifying a time in a wide area of space, and a space time-keeping system. The method comprises: establishing a wide-area inertial coordinate system, wherein the wide-area inertial coordinate system comprises all local area coordinate systems within a space range covered by a unified time (S101); obtaining an original local time, and establishing a local orbital parameter ephemeris by using the original local time as a time independent variable (S102); observing a pulse profile of a pulsar according to the original local time, and determining a local pulse time, wherein the local pulse time is a coordinate time when a pulse of the pulsar arrives at a local moment (S103); and converting the local pulse time by using the local orbital parameter ephemeris, so as to obtain a pulse origin time.

A physics package for chip scale atomic clocks is provided. The physics package may include a first Low-Temperature Co-fired Ceramic (LCC) pad, a first suspension coupled tothe first LCC pad, a core coupled to the first suspension, a second suspension coupled to the core and coupled to the first suspension to encapsulate the core, and a second LCC pad coupled to the second suspension and coupled to the first LCC pad to encapsulate the first suspension, the core, and the second suspension. The core may be manufactured using a wafer level fabrication process.

A physics package for chip scale atomic clocks is provided. The physics package may include a first Low-Temperature Co-fired Ceramic (LCC) pad, a first suspension coupled tothe first LCC pad, a core coupled to the first suspension, a second suspension coupled to the core and coupled to the first suspension to encapsulate the core, and a second LCC pad coupled to the second suspension and coupled to the first LCC pad to encapsulate the first suspension, the core, and the second suspension. The core may be manufactured using a wafer level fabrication process.