A sensor system includes a sensor configured to measure a parameter. The sensor system also includes a memory configured to record one or more occurrences when the parameter is outside of a predetermined range. The memory includes a wire, a counter-electrode, and an electrolyte.

A sensor system includes a sensor configured to measure a parameter. The sensor system also includes a memory configured to record one or more occurrences when the parameter is outside of a predetermined range. The memory includes a wire, a counter-electrode, and an electrolyte.

Embodiments described herein include systems and techniques for converting (i.e., transducing) a quantum-level (e.g., single photon) signal between the three wave forms (i.e., optical, acoustic, and microwave). A suspended crystalline structure is used at the nanometer scale to accomplish the desired behavior of the system as described in detail herein. Transducers that use a common acoustic intermediary transform optical signals to acoustic signals and vice versa as well as microwave signals to acoustic signals and vice versa. Other embodiments described herein include systems and techniques for storing a qubit in phonon memory having an extended coherence time. A suspended crystalline structure with specific geometric design is used at the nanometer scale to accomplish the desired behavior of the system.

A non-volatile nanotube switch and memory arrays constructed from these switches are disclosed. A non-volatile nanotube switch includes a conductive terminal and a nanoscopic element stack having a plurality of nanoscopic elements arranged in direct electrical contact, a first comprising a nanotube fabric and a second comprising a carbon material, a portion of the nanoscopic element stack in electrical contact with the conductive terminal. Control circuitry is provided in electrical communication with and for applying electrical stimulus to the conductive terminal and to at least a portion of the nanoscopic element stack. At least one of the nanoscopic elements is capable of switching among a plurality of electronic states in response to a corresponding electrical stimuli applied by the control circuitry to the conductive terminal and the portion of the nanoscopic element stack. For each electronic state, the nanoscopic element stack provides an electrical pathway of corresponding resistance.

A method for storage of an item of information (210) is disclosed. The method comprises encoding bytes (720) in the item of information (210), and representing using a schema the encoded bytes by a DNA nucleotide to produce a DNA sequence (230). The DNA sequence (230) is broken into a plurality of overlapping DNA segments (240) and indexing information (250) added to the plurality of DNA segments. Finally, the plurality of DNA segments (240) is synthesized (790) and stored (795).

The invention concerns a quantum memory (10) comprising:

a memory space (12) comprising qubits, at least one qubit comprising at least one polypeptide comprising at least one alpha helix secondary structure.

Embodiments for storing digital data in DNA storage by receiving input file data, encoding the input file data into an oligonucleotide sequence to produce sequence data through a transformation of text to binary to Base_3 encoding, organizing the Base_3 sequence data into chunks of a defined chunk size, and storing the chunks in a block of a blockchain. The oligonucleotide sequence may comprise metadata for the input file data that refers to actual data stored in the DNA storage, where the actual data is formed by synthesizing the oligonucleotide sequence in a DNA synthesis process. The chunks may be stored in the blockchain only if the block agrees with a smart contract defined for the oligonucleotide sequence.

A liquid electrochemical memory device is provided. In one aspect, the device includes a memory region for storing at least two bits, the memory region having a first volume; and a liquid electrolyte region fluidically connected to the memory region, the liquid electrolyte region having a second volume larger than the first volume. The device further includes a working electrode exposed to the memory region, and a counter electrode exposed to the liquid electrolyte region. The device also includes an electrolyte filling the memory region and the liquid electrolyte region, in physical contact with the working electrode and the counter electrode, the electrolyte including at least two conductive species. The device further includes a control unit for biasing the working electrode and the counter electrode.

An embodiment in the application may include an analog memory structure, and methods of writing to such a structure, including a volatile memory element in series with a non-volatile memory element. The analog memory structure may change resistance upon application of a voltage. This may enable accelerated writing of the analog memory structure.

Techniques for achieving reductions in cost of encoding and decoding operations used in DNA data storage systems to facilitate reducing errors in those encoding and decoding operations while accounting for a code structure used during the encoding and decoding by constructing and using insertion-deletion-substitution (IDS) trellises for multiple traces are disclosed. A DNA sequencing channel is used to randomly sample and sequence DNA strands to generate noisy traces. Multiple trellises are independently constructed for each respective noisy trace. A forward-backward algorithm is run on each trellis to compute posterior marginal probabilities for vertices included in each trellises. An estimate of the data message sequence is then computed.