Disclosed are methods, systems, and devices for battery formation. A first set of pulses, having a first frequency, and that carry a net zero charge, are applied to a battery. After the first set of pulses are applied to the battery, a second set of pulses that carry a net positive charge are applied to the battery. The second set of pulses are either applied after expiry of a particular time period following the application of the first set of pulses, or based on some battery measurements. After the second set of pulses are applied to the battery, a battery parameter is measured, and based on the measured battery parameter, a third set of pulses, having a second frequency, and that also carry a net zero charge, are applied to the battery.

Disclosed are methods, systems, and devices for battery formation. A first set of pulses, having a first frequency, and that carry a net zero charge, are applied to a battery. After the first set of pulses are applied to the battery, a second set of pulses that carry a net positive charge are applied to the battery. The second set of pulses are either applied after expiry of a particular time period following the application of the first set of pulses, or based on some battery measurements. After the second set of pulses are applied to the battery, a battery parameter is measured, and based on the measured battery parameter, a third set of pulses, having a second frequency, and that also carry a net zero charge, are applied to the battery.

An accurate and stable displacement sensor that reads through coated metal substrates achieves better than one micron accuracy includes: an electromagnetic coil positioned in a first enclosure; (ii) means for generating a magnetic field from the electromagnetic coil; (iii) a second enclosure which is spaced apart from the first enclosure, wherein the second enclosure includes dual magnetic sensors, such as fluxgate sensors, that are configured to measure the magnetic field; and (iv) means for calculating the separation between the operative surfaces of the enclosures from magnetic field measurements. A permanent magnet can be used instead of the electromagnetic coil and associated driving energy source. A precise displacement measurement is given by a mathematical function (such as the ratio or difference) of the two magnetic sensors demodulated signals. The displacement sensor can be mounted on a maneuverable C-frame to monitor the caliper of anodes and cathodes produced for lithium ion batteries.

A method and system for estimating parameters of pipes. The method may comprise disposing an electromagnetic (EM) logging tool into a pipe string, creating a log from a first set of one or more measurements, and creating a synthetic model of one or more nested pipes based at least in part on a well plan. The method may further comprise adding a modeled pipe to the synthetic model, estimating one or more parameters of the modeled pipe through model calibration to form a calibrated model, and performing an inversion with the calibrated model to estimate one or more pipe parameters of the pipe string. The system may comprise an electromagnetic logging tool that may comprise a transmitter, wherein the transmitter is a first coil and is operable to transmit an electromagnetic field, and a receiver, wherein the receiver is a second coil and is operable to measure the electromagnetic field.

The present disclosure relates generally to ion implantation, and more particularly, to systems and processes for measuring the temperature of a wafer within an ion implantation system. An exemplary ion implantation system may include a robotic arm, one or more load lock chambers, a pre-implantation station, an ion implanter, a post-implantation station, and a controller. The pre-implantation station is configured to heat or cool a wafer prior to the wafer being implanted with ions by the ion implanter. The post-implantation station is configured to heat or cool a wafer after the wafer is implanted with ions by the ion implanter. The pre-implantation station and/or post-implantation station are further configured to measure a current temperature of a wafer. The controller is configured to control the various components and processes described above, and to determine a current temperature of a wafer based on information received from the pre-implantation station and/or post-implantation station.

The present invention provides a system and method for more efficient utilization of comminution mills. Sensors are provided in the liners placed within the mill shell. The sensors may include RFID tags, liner wear profile sensors (e.g., such as an ultrasonic sensor), an inertial sensor (preferably included both an inclinometer and an accelerometer, and an acoustic sensor, among others. When the liners are installed in the shell, the RFID tag is used to register the location of the liner within the shell. In operation, the information provided by the sensors is collected by a data transmission unit and sent by transmitter over the air to a computer having an antenna and receiver for such data. The data is correlated and a processor generates data for display in regions on a display device.

The present invention provides a system and method for more efficient utilization of comminution mills. Sensors are provided in the liners placed within the mill shell. The sensors may include RFID tags, liner wear profile sensors (e.g., such as an ultrasonic sensor), an inertial sensor (preferably included both an inclinometer and an accelerometer, and an acoustic sensor, among others. When the liners are installed in the shell, the RFID tag is used to register the location of the liner within the shell. In operation, the information provided by the sensors is collected by a data transmission unit and sent by transmitter over the air to a computer having an antenna and receiver for such data. The data is correlated and a processor generates data for display in regions on a display device.

An electromagnetic measuring probe device for measuring a thickness of a dielectric layer of a circuit board and a method thereof are disclosed. The circuit board has at least one dielectric layer, at least two conductive layers and a test area. The test area has a test pattern and a through hole. The electromagnetic measuring probe device has a probe-measuring unit, an external conductive element, plural magnetic powder groups, and a maintaining unit. The probe-measuring unit has a transparent tube and an internal conductive pin. The external conductive element electrically connects with the test pattern. The conductive layers and the internal conductive pin generate a magnetic field while the probe-measuring unit enters into the through hole. The magnetic powder groups magnetically attracted are gathered to positions corresponding to thickness-range positions of the conductive layers and held by the maintaining unit, thus a gap between the two dielectric layers is obtained.

A method and system for estimating a pipe property for a plurality of nested pipes. The method may comprise disposing an electromagnetic logging tool in a wellbore. The electromagnetic logging tool may comprise a transmitter disposed on the electromagnetic logging tool and a receiver disposed on the electromagnetic logging tool. The method may further comprise transmitting an electromagnetic field from the transmitter into a pipe string to energize the pipe string with the electromagnetic field thereby producing an eddy current that emanates from the pipe string, measuring the eddy current in the pipe string with the receiver on at least one channel to obtain a plurality of measurements, forming a log from the plurality of measurements, zoning the log into a plurality of zones based at least in part on a well plan, and extracting a representative signal for each zone of the plurality of zones.

A sealing arrangement for detecting thickness (t) of a sealing element (2) of a seal (1) wherein the sealing surface (3) at frontside of the sealing element (2) is arranged to be in sliding contact with sealed surface (4), wherein at least one sensor (5) measures the thickness of the sealing element (2) and is mounted to the surrounding component (10) of the sealed surface (4). The sensor (5) is positioned opposite the sealing element (2). The sensor (5) receives a response from a transverse border of the sealing element (2) or from an electrically conductive insert (6) or from an insert (6) of magnetic material, which insert (6) is embedded within the sealing element (2) or is connected to the backside of the sealing element (2). The thickness (t) is detected and/or measured along the length of the sealing element (2).