A magnetic induction circuit, a magnetic-controlled switch circuit, a magnetic-controlled device and a magnetic-controlled lamp. The magnetic induction circuit includes a magnetic induction module, a voltage comparison module and a voltage output module. The magnetic induction module is configured to sense an external magnetic field to generate a first voltage signal. The voltage comparison module is configured to receive the first voltage signal, and output a second voltage signal. The voltage output module is configured to process the second voltage signal and output a third voltage signal.

A magnetic linear position detector includes a stator and a mover that is movable along a first direction with respect to the stator. One of the stator and the mover is provided with a magnetic detector. The other of the stator and the mover is provided with a magnet having a first face facing the magnetic detector. The first face is magnetized in such a manner that a magnetization direction changes in an arc shape around a magnetization center point. The magnetic detector is an element whose output changes depending on a direction of a magnetic field.

A rotary encoder is incorporated in an annular space formed between a hollow rotating shaft and an encoder case. The rotary encoder has an annular printed wiring substrate, a plurality of mounting substrates that are outward from the printed wiring substrate in the radial direction and are arranged in the circumferential direction, and inter-substrate wiring cables bridged between the printed wiring substrate and each of the mounting substrates in the radial direction. Power supply to the mounting substrates and signal transmission and reception between the mounting substrates can be accomplished without routing around the wiring cables. It is possible to achieve a rotary encoder that is suitable for being incorporated in a narrow annular space.

A magnetic detection module is provided so as to be selectively mountable in any of housings having a plurality of specifications having different shapes or sizes of mounting portions, and detects magnetic flux generated in the housing. The magnetic detection module includes one or more magnetic sensors that detect magnetic flux, a case in which the magnetic sensors are housed, and a cap that can be attached to an end of the case and is provided with a sealing member. The magnetic detection module can be attached to the housing of the first specification with the cap not attached to the case, and can be attached to the housing of the second specification through a sealing member with the cap attached to the case.

A sensor arrangement detects an angle of an actuator which is rotationally arranged on a support. The arrangement includes a first sensor element and a second sensor element. The first sensor element can be coupled to the actuator in order carry out a movement with respect to the support in accordance with a rotation of the actuator. The second sensor element can be rotationally fixed on the support and can be coupled to the first sensor element in order to produce, when rotating the actuator and a thus resulting movement between the first sensor element and the second sensor element, a sensor signal which is dependent on the rotation carried out by the actuator.

A system for magnetic field testing comprising a magnetic field generation device configured to generate a magnetic field in a rotor, a plurality of magnetic field measurement devices configured to measure a magnetic field at a predetermined position on the rotor, a drive mechanism configured to rotate the rotor and a test system configured to record the plurality of magnetic field measurements as a function of an angular position of the rotor.

An apparatus, for determining a relative direction of a movement of an encoder object depending on a magnetic field which is generated or influenced by the encoder object. A magnetic field sensor generates two sensor signals based on the magnetic field, that indicate a profile of the magnetic field in the event of a relative movement between the encoder object and the magnetic field sensor, that fluctuate around a mean value and are phase-shifted 90° to one another. The processing circuit calculates an angle based on the two sensor signals, and determines the relative direction of the movement of the encoder object based on a gradient of the angle between a switch-on time of the apparatus and a threshold value angle which is reached thereafter or based on a gradient of the angle between the situation of two successive threshold value angles being reached.

An apparatus, for determining a relative direction of a movement of an encoder object depending on a magnetic field which is generated or influenced by the encoder object. A magnetic field sensor generates two sensor signals based on the magnetic field, that indicate a profile of the magnetic field in the event of a relative movement between the encoder object and the magnetic field sensor, that fluctuate around a mean value and are phase-shifted 90° to one another. The processing circuit calculates an angle based on the two sensor signals, and determines the relative direction of the movement of the encoder object based on a gradient of the angle between a switch-on time of the apparatus and a threshold value angle which is reached thereafter or based on a gradient of the angle between the situation of two successive threshold value angles being reached.

A fixing structure includes a housing including a first hole, an input member including a second hole, and rotating relative to the housing, depending on input of rotational force, a torsion spring being biased so as to return, to a predetermined reference position, a position of the input member relative to the housing, and a fixing member inserted into the first hole and the second hole in a state where the input member is rotated against biasing force of the torsion spring from the reference position to a predetermined rotational position. The fixing member includes a first insertion portion including a part press-fitted into and fixed to the first hole, and a second insertion portion including a part inserted into the second hole, and fixes the input member at the predetermined rotational position.

Examples described herein provide a computer-implemented method for predicting a state of a hall sensor for a motor having a plurality of hall sensors associated therewith. The example method includes receiving a previous state of the hall sensor. The example method further includes detecting a current state of the hall sensor. The example method further includes predicting a predicted next state of the hall sensor based on the previous state of the hall sensor, the current state of the hall sensor, and a direction of a shaft of the motor.