An imaging apparatus includes an image sensor, a filter array disposed on an optical path from a target object to the image sensor and including two-dimensionally-arranged optical filters, and a processing circuit that generates at least four pieces of spectral image data based on an image acquired by the image sensor. The optical filters include various types of optical filters with different spectral transmittance. Each of the at least four pieces of spectral image data indicates an image corresponding to one of at least four wavelength bands. The filter array includes at least one characteristic section. The processing circuit detects a relative position between the filter array and the image sensor based on the at least one characteristic section in the image acquired by the image sensor, and compensates for deviation between the relative position and a preliminarily-set relative position when the processing circuit detects the deviation.

An optical sensor device includes an optical sensor; an optical filter; a phase mask configured to distribute a plurality of light beams associated with a subject in an encoded pattern; a movement component configured to move the phase mask; and one or more processors configured to: obtain, from the optical sensor, a first set of sensor data that indicates information related to first light that originates at the subject and passes through the phase mask when the phase mask is located at a first position; obtain, from the optical sensor, a second set of sensor data that indicates information related to second light that originates at the subject and passes through the phase mask when the phase mask is located at a second position; determine and provide, based on the first set of sensor data and the second set of sensor data, information associated with the subject.

An optical system (150) is disclosed and includes an optical sensor (154), a plurality of photosensitive pixels (178) disposed on the optical sensor, a wavelength-selective optical filter (158) in optical communication with the photosensitive pixels, the wavelength-selective optical filter being disposed remotely from the optical sensor, and a plurality of spatially-variant areas (220, 224, 228, 232) disposed in the optical filter, at least one area of the plurality of spatially-variant areas including a downconverter (400, 500).

An endoscopic imaging system for use in a light deficient environment includes an imaging device having a tube, one or more image sensors, and a lens assembly including at least one optical elements that corresponds to the one or more image sensors. The endoscopic system includes a display for a user to visualize a scene and an image signal processing controller. The endoscopic system includes a light engine having an illumination source generating one or more pulses of electromagnetic radiation and a lumen transmitting one or more pulses of electromagnetic radiation to a distal tip of an endoscope.

Embodiments of the systems can be configured to receive electromagnetic emissions of a substrate (e.g., a build material of a part being made via additive manufacturing) by a detector (e.g., a multi-spectral sensor) and generate a ratio of the electromagnetic emissions to perform spectral analysis with a reduced dependence on location and orientation of a surface of the substrate relative to the multi-spectral sensor. The additive manufacturing process can involve use of a laser to generate a laser beam for fusion of the build material into the part. The system can be configured to set the multi-spectral sensor off-axis with respect to the laser (e.g., an optical path of the multi-spectral sensor is at an angle that is different than the angle of incidence of the laser beam). This can allow the multi-spectral sensor to collect spectral data simultaneously as the laser is used to build the part.

A spectral image capturing method using a spectral camera control device installed in aircraft, the method comprising: a) setting an exposure time of the spectral camera so that a current exposure time is determined (S2), b) determining whether or not either an amount of attitude change or an amount of position change of the spectral camera per exposure time exceeds a predetermined threshold based on a spatial resolution of the spectral camera (S4), c1) when exceeding the predetermined threshold, resetting the current exposure time to be shorter (S5), c2) when not exceeding the predetermined threshold, not resetting the current exposure time to be shorter, and d) capturing a spectral image in a snapshot mode with the spectral camera using the reset exposure time, wherein when the transmission wavelength of the liquid crystal tunable filter is switched while the aircraft is in a stationary flight, steps b) to d) are repeated.

A filter array includes optical filters that are disposed in a two-dimensional plane. At least one optical filter of the optical filters includes an interference layer having a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface, and a reflective layer provided on the first surface. A transmission spectrum of the at least one optical filter has maximum values. The reflective layer is not provided on the second surface.

The invention relates to a photometer (30) for analysing the composition of a sample gas. The photometer comprises an infra-red (IR) source (20) configured to direct a first plurality of pulses (40) of IR radiation through the sample gas to an IR detector (26), at least two of the first plurality of pulses being of different wavelength. The photometer further comprises an ultraviolet (UV) source (32) configured to generate a second plurality of pulses (38) of UV radiation for conveyance to a UV detector (36), at least two of the second plurality of pulses being of different wavelength. A path selection arrangement (22, 42-50) is configured to selectively convey different ones of the second plurality of pulses (38) to one of the sample gas and the UV detector (36). The photometer further comprises processing circuitry coupled to the IR source (20), the UV source (32), the IR detector (26), the UV detector (36) and the path selection arrangement (22, 42-50). The processing circuitry is configured to (i) select the wavelength to be used for a given UV pulse of the second plurality of pulses (38), (ii) receive a plurality of detection signals from each of the IR detector (26) and the UV detector (36) and (iii) based on the detection signals, determine a concentration of at least one component of the sample gas. A method for analysing the composition of a sample gas is also disclosed.

Conformal vision with enhanced image processing of the outputted image is incorporated into novel applications. The conformal vision provides enhanced contrast by the combined inclusion of tunable filters and processing of the images that are generated by the detector. Furthermore, novel uses and applications of the conformal vision enable users to make determinations related to their health and wellness utilizing information provided by the conformal vision.

A wafer includes a substrate layer, a first mirror layer having a plurality of two-dimensionally arranged first mirror portions, and a second mirror layer having a plurality of two-dimensionally arranged second mirror portions. A plurality of Fabry-Perot interference filter portions are formed in an effective area, in each of the plurality of Fabry-Perot interference filter portions a gap is formed between the first mirror portion and the second mirror portion. A plurality of dummy filter portions are formed in a dummy area disposed along an outer edge of the substrate layer and surrounding the effective area, in each of the plurality of dummy filter portions an intermediate layer is provided between the first mirror portion and the second mirror portion. At least the second mirror portion is surrounded by the first groove in each of the plurality of Fabry-Perot interference filter portions and the plurality of dummy filter portions.