This disclosure is directed to color matching with shade detection. A method of color matching can include: receiving a camera image of a target, the camera image being collected in the presence of flash illumination; receiving a color sensor spectral measurement of the target, the color sensor spectral measurement being collected in the presence of flash illumination; determining specular and diffuse fractions of a flash intensity profile of the camera image of the target; determining parallax based upon a detected location of a flash centroid within the camera image of the target; converting the parallax to a range measurement for the target; calculating an expected white level for the target based upon the specular and diffuse fractions and the range measurement for the target; and calculating a shade of a detected color based upon the color sensor spectral measurement and the expected white level for the target.

A filter array according to one aspect of the present disclosure is provided with filters arranged two-dimensionally. The filters include multiple types of first filters having mutually different transmission spectra, of which each transmission spectrum includes first peaks, and multiple types of second filters having mutually different transmission spectra, of which each transmission spectrum includes one or more second peaks. The number of the first peaks in the transmission spectrum of each of the multiple types of first filters is greater than the number of the one or more second peaks in the transmission spectrum of each of the multiple types of second filters, and the multiple types of first filters and the multiple types of second filters are disposed in a mixed arrangement.

The method includes inputting a specification of a desired combination of a first component and a second component of a composition, wherein the components are a solid and a dispersant, via a user interface of a computer system; carrying out a database query with the desired combination of the first component and the second component as the search criterion, wherein in the case where the database query supplies a known composition that meets the search criterion, the known composition is output, wherein in the opposite case, a further database query of a composition including the first component and the second component, serving as the search criterion, is carried out to find a candidate composition that includes one of the two components as well as a substitute component instead of the other component; and carrying out further steps for generating the formulation and outputting the composition.

A heating device for testing a biological sample is disclosed. The heating device can include a heat source operable to generate heat. In addition, the heating device can include a controller in communication with the heat source and operable to control heat generation by the heat source to heat a biological sample at less than or equal to about 2 degrees C./s. Furthermore, a heating device for testing a biological sample is disclosed that can include a heat source operable to generate heat to heat a biological sample. The biological sample can be at least partially contained within a removable enclosure distinct from the heating device. Additionally, the heating device can include an enclosure interface associated with the heat source. The enclosure interface can be configured to interface with the enclosure such that heat is transferred from the heat source to the enclosure by conduction.

A sensor package includes a semiconductor sensor chip having multiple light sensitive regions each of which defines a respective light sensitive channel. An optical filter structure is disposed over the sensor chip and includes filters defining respective spectral functions for different ones of the light sensitive channels. In particular, the optical filter structure includes at least three optical filters defining spectral functions for tristimulus detection by a first subset of the light sensitive channels, and at least one additional optical filter defining a spectral function for spectral detection by a second subset of the light sensitive channels encompassing a wavelength range that differs from that of the first subset of light sensitive channels.

A measurement apparatus includes: a light source configured to irradiate a measurement region of skin whose color is to be measured with light; a light receiving unit configured to receive reflected light from the measurement region or transmitted light that has passed through the measurement region; a calculation unit configured to repeatedly obtain determination information and color information relating to the color of the measurement region, based on a light-receiving result of the light receiving unit; and a selection unit configured to select a measurement result of a color of the skin from the repeatedly-obtained color information, based on a temporal change in the determination information.

In accordance with one or more implementations of the apparatus, system and methods described, a sample measurement device is provided that is configured to measure the color of a sample. The sample measurement device includes at least one light source configured to illuminate the sample; at least one light sensor configured to output a signal in response to light emitted by light source and reflected off the sample being received by at least a portion of the light sensor; and a processor configured to receive the signal and calculate a color value for the sample, the processor configured to calculate the color value by at least adjusting the signal using a calibration factor.

Disclosed are a colorimeter and a reflectivity measuring method based on a multichannel spectrum. The colorimeter includes a main unit and a calibration box, wherein the main unit includes an integrating sphere, a light source and a main sensor, a detection hole is formed in one side of a top of the integrating sphere, a light-through hole is formed in a side of the integrating sphere, and a measuring port is formed in a bottom of the integrating sphere, the light source is arranged outside the light-through hole, and the main sensor is arranged outside the detection hole; the calibration box includes a housing and a white board arranged at a top of the housing, the white board is correspondingly matched with the measuring port, and the calibration box is connected with the main unit; the sensor is a multichannel spectral sensor.

An information processing apparatus is configured to generate a color chart used for calibration. The information processing apparatus includes a first determination unit and a generation unit. The first determination unit is configured to determine a type of an additional color material to be added to a fluorescent color material used to generate a fluorescent color material chart as the color chart. The generation unit is configured to generate the fluorescent color material chart in which a plurality of patches in which the additional color material of the type determined by the first determination unit is added to the fluorescent color material, are arranged in a line and at least a bar of a color of a recording medium is arranged as a separator between the plurality of patches.

When relation between a color of a color chip (a patch) in a color chart and a color of a color chip in an image-captured color chart is calculated, the color chip of the image-captured color chart was manually extracted by operating a keyboard or a mouse. Such an operation had a problem that an extraction error may occur, and that it takes time to manually extract all color chips in the color chart. The present invention solved the problem by a color chart in which recognition can be easily and automatically executed. The color chart includes a plurality of patches, and an automatic recognition marker configured to automatically recognize at least one of the plurality of patches.