A sensing system includes: a surface acoustic wave sensor with a first surface acoustic wave device-and a second surface acoustic wave device; a sensing apparatus detecting an electrical characteristic of the first and second surface acoustic wave devices connected to the surface acoustic wave sensor; and a control apparatus calculating a physical quantity acting on one of a target to which the surface acoustic wave sensor is attached and the surface acoustic wave sensor. The sensitivity ratio of a first physical quantity and the sensitivity of a second physical quantity are different, and a third physical quantity is removable by averaging. The control apparatus removes the first physical quantity based on the results of a comparison operation on sensor signals from the first and second surface acoustic wave elements, uses the averaging process to remove the third physical quantity, and thereby calculates the second physical quantity.

In an integrated circuit device having a microelectromechanical-system (MEMS) resonator and a temperature transducer, a clock signal is generated by sensing resonant mechanical motion of the MEMS resonator and a temperature signal indicative of temperature of the MEMS resonator is generated via the temperature transducer. The clock signal and the temperature signal are output from the integrated circuit device concurrently.

In an integrated circuit device having a microelectromechanical-system (MEMS) resonator and a temperature transducer, a clock signal is generated by sensing resonant mechanical motion of the MEMS resonator and a temperature signal indicative of temperature of the MEMS resonator is generated via the temperature transducer. The clock signal and the temperature signal are output from the integrated circuit device concurrently.

A detection system and a wind driven generator. The detection system includes: a plurality of passive wireless sensors respectively provided at the corresponding positions to be detected, which are used for obtaining detection signals of the positions to be detected; and a leaky coaxial cable provided along the position to be detected, wherein the leaky coaxial cable can emit electromagnetic waves to drive the plurality of passive wireless sensors, and can receive the detection signal sent by the passive wireless sensors. The detection system can save installation space, as well as reduce maintenance costs since there is no need to replace a battery regularly, and when conducting multi-point measurements, costs are reduced and the number of passive wireless sensors that the system can configure is increased.

The invention concerns a system for monitoring physical and/or analogue parameters relative to the parts of an engine, said system comprising at least one electronic control unit (30.sub.a) configured to call up data, via at least one antenna (20a), from a surface acoustic wave sensor located on one of said parts, characterised by the fact that:—the engine (M) is compartmentalized, each compartment (Ma, . . . , Mf) comprising a plurality of mobile or fixed parts of which the physical and/or analogue parameters need to be monitored, —each of these parts to be monitored is provided with a surface acoustic wave sensor (101a, 102a, 103a, . . . , 101f, 102f, 103f), each of said sensors having a distinct resonance frequency specific to it,—an antenna (20a, . . . , 20f) is installed inside each of the compartments (Ma, . . . , Mf), each of said antenna being connected, alone or in pairs, to an electronic control unit (30a, . . . , 30f, 30ab, . . . , 30ef),—each antenna (20a, . . . , 20f) is controlled by the electronic control unit (30a, . . . , 30f, 30ab, . . . , 30ef) to which it is connected, to simultaneously emit a plurality of distinct frequencies close to the resonance frequencies of the sensors (101a, 102a, 103a, . . . , 101f, 102f, 103f) which are located in the engine compartment (Ma, . . . , Mf) of said antenna, so as to simultaneously communicate with all of these sensors (101a, 102a, 103a, . . . , 101f, 102f, 103f).

A passive and wireless sensor is provided for sensing at least one of magnetic field, temperature or humidity. The sensor can provide only one of the sensing functions, individually or any combination of them simultaneously. It can be used for various applications where magnetic field changes, temperature and/or humidity need to be measured. In one or more embodiments, a surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensor is provided that can measure one or more of a magnetic field (or current that generates the magnetic field), temperature and humidity. In one or more embodiments, a magnetoimpedence (MI) sensor (for example a thin film giant magnetoimpedance (GMI) sensor), a thermally sensitive (for example a Lithium Niobite (LiNbO.sub.3)) substrate, and a humidity sensitive film (for example a hydrogel film) can be used as sensing elements.

In some embodiments, a sensor package includes: a substrate including a sensing area; a terminal portion disposed on a side of the sensing area of the substrate and including at least one terminal connected to the outside; a first outer wall disposed on the substrate and including a main wall surrounding at least some outer portions of the sensing area; at least one wire patterned and disposed on the substrate and configured to connect the sensing area and the terminal portion to each other; and a cover disposed on the first outer wall to correspond to the sensing area. Part of the main wall is disposed between the sensing area and the terminal portion, and the main wall includes an opening through which the at least one wire passes. Other embodiments may be disclosed and/or claimed.

Provided are an optical sensor device using surface acoustic waves and an optical sensor device package. The optical sensor device includes: a substrate including a first light sensing area and a temperature sensing area and including a piezo electric material; a first input electrode and a first output electrode which are disposed in the first light sensing area and are apart from each other with a first delay gap therebetween; a first sensing film overlapping the first delay gap and configured to cover at least some portions of the first input electrode and the first output electrode; and a second input electrode and a second output electrode which are disposed in the temperature sensing area and are apart from each other with a second delay gap therebetween. The second delay gap is exposed to air.

A method of determining stress within a composite structure is provided which includes coupling a sensor to a composite structure under load having embedded therein a plurality of particles, wherein the particles at room temperature are paraelectric or ferroelectric, transmitting an electromagnetic radiation to the sensor, thereby generating an electromagnetic field into the composite structure, sweeping frequency from a first frequency to a second frequency in a pulsed manner, receiving reflected power from the composite structure, determining the resonance frequency of the sensor, and translating the resonance frequency of the sensor to stress within the composite structure.

A method of determining stress within a composite structure is provided which includes coupling a sensor to a composite structure under load having embedded therein a plurality of particles, wherein the particles at room temperature are paraelectric or ferroelectric, transmitting an electromagnetic radiation to the sensor, thereby generating an electromagnetic field into the composite structure, sweeping frequency from a first frequency to a second frequency in a pulsed manner, receiving reflected power from the composite structure, determining the resonance frequency of the sensor, and translating the resonance frequency of the sensor to stress within the composite structure.