An arrangement for measuring gas concentrations in a gas absorption method, wherein the arrangement includes a plurality of light sources, a measuring cell, at least one measuring receiver and an evaluation apparatus. The measuring cell has a narrow, longitudinally-extended beam path with an entrance-side opening diameter B and an absorption length L with L>B, wherein the measuring cell has a gas inlet and a gas outlet wherein a plurality of light sources of different wavelength spectra is grouped into a first light source group wherein an optical homogeniser is interposed between the first light source group and the measuring cell, wherein, in particular, the homogeniser is coupled to the light source group directly or via a common optical assembly.

The present disclosure describes an apparatus and method of improving temperature uniformity and suppressing well plate warping. In an embodiment, the apparatus includes a barrier configured to be positioned above at least one well configured to contain a liquid sample, where a vessel includes the at least one well, where the vessel is transparent and is configured to be placed within a measurement chamber, where a light measurement apparatus includes the measurement chamber, where the light measurement apparatus is configured to measure light scattered from the liquid sample, where the barrier is configured to seal the at least one well from the measurement chamber, and a weighted lid configured to press a bottom surface of the vessel against a well plate retainer of the measurement chamber, thereby spreading heat among the at least one well and preventing the vessel from warping.

A microscope for adaptive sensing may comprise an illumination assembly, an image capture device configured to collect light from a sample illuminated by the assembly, and a processor. The processor may be configured to execute instructions which cause the microscope to capture, using the image capture device, an initial image set of the sample, identify, in response to the initial image set, an attribute of the sample, determine, in response to identifying the attribute, a three-dimensional (3D) process for sensing the sample, and generate, using the determined 3D process, an output image set comprising more than one focal plane. Various other methods, systems, and computer-readable media are also disclosed.

An optical sensing device includes a first sensor, a second sensor, a third sensor and a fourth sensor for sensing light to generate a first sensing signal, a second sensing signal, a third sensing signal and a fourth sensing signal, respectively. A spectrum of a coating of the first sensor includes a first peak of a X spectrum. A spectrum of a coating of the second sensor includes a second peak of the X spectrum. A spectrum of a coating of the third sensor includes a Y spectrum. A spectrum of a coating of the fourth sensor includes a Z spectrum. The first sensing signal and the second sensing signal are used to determine a X output value. The third sensing signal and the fourth sensing signal are used to determine a Y output value and a Z output value, respectively.

An optical sensing device includes a first sensor, a second sensor, a third sensor and a fourth sensor for sensing light to generate a first sensing signal, a second sensing signal, a third sensing signal and a fourth sensing signal, respectively. A spectrum of a coating of the first sensor includes a first peak of a X spectrum. A spectrum of a coating of the second sensor includes a second peak of the X spectrum. A spectrum of a coating of the third sensor includes a Y spectrum. A spectrum of a coating of the fourth sensor includes a Z spectrum. The first sensing signal and the second sensing signal are used to determine a X output value. The third sensing signal and the fourth sensing signal are used to determine a Y output value and a Z output value, respectively.

Photoreflectance (PR) spectroscopy system and method for accumulating separately a “pump on” light beam and a “pump off light beam reflecting off a sample. The system comprises: (a) a probe source for producing a probe beam, the probe beam is used for measuring spectral reflectivity of a sample, (b) a pump source for producing a pump beam, (c) at least one spectrometer, (d) a first modulation device to allow the pump beam to alternatingly modulate the spectral reflectivity of the sample, so that, a light beam reflecting from the sample is alternatingly a “pump on” light beam and a “pump off light beam, (e) a second modulation device in a path of the light beam reflecting off the sample to alternatingly direct the “pump on” light beam and the “pump off light beam to the at least one spectrometer, and (f) a computer.

Photoreflectance (PR) spectroscopy system and method for accumulating separately a “pump on” light beam and a “pump off light beam reflecting off a sample. The system comprises: (a) a probe source for producing a probe beam, the probe beam is used for measuring spectral reflectivity of a sample, (b) a pump source for producing a pump beam, (c) at least one spectrometer, (d) a first modulation device to allow the pump beam to alternatingly modulate the spectral reflectivity of the sample, so that, a light beam reflecting from the sample is alternatingly a “pump on” light beam and a “pump off light beam, (e) a second modulation device in a path of the light beam reflecting off the sample to alternatingly direct the “pump on” light beam and the “pump off light beam to the at least one spectrometer, and (f) a computer.

A system for the identification of micro-organisms includes an irradiation unit adapted to sequentially provide coherent electromagnetic radiation of one or more wavelengths along a common optical path. A holder is adapted to retain a substrate having a surface adapted for growth of a micro-organism colony. A beamsplitter is adapted to direct the coherent electromagnetic radiation from the common optical path towards the retained substrate. An imager is arranged opposite the beamsplitter from the retained substrate and is adapted to obtain images of backward-scattered light patterns from the micro-organism colony irradiated by the respective wavelengths of the directed coherent electromagnetic radiation. Some examples provide radiation of multiple wavelengths and include an imager arranged optically downstream of the retained substrate to obtain images of forward-scattered light patterns from the micro-organism colony irradiated by the wavelengths of radiation. Organism identification methods are also described.

The present disclosure relates, according to some embodiments, to a method of determining a quantitatively measured photoprotection of a photoprotective composition, the method comprising: (a) distributing the photoprotective composition in a position in between a drawdown bar and at least one substrate to produce a distributed photoprotective composition; (b) drawing down the distributed photoprotective composition to a thickness on at least one substrate to produce a drawn down sample film; (c) drying the drawn down sample film to produce a dried sample film; (d) measuring a UV absorption of the dried sample film to produce a UV absorption spectrum; (e) determining the quantitatively measured photoprotection of the photoprotective composition from the UV absorption spectrum.

The present disclosure relates, according to some embodiments, to a method of determining a quantitatively measured photoprotection of a photoprotective composition, the method comprising: (a) distributing the photoprotective composition in a position in between a drawdown bar and at least one substrate to produce a distributed photoprotective composition; (b) drawing down the distributed photoprotective composition to a thickness on at least one substrate to produce a drawn down sample film; (c) drying the drawn down sample film to produce a dried sample film; (d) measuring a UV absorption of the dried sample film to produce a UV absorption spectrum; (e) determining the quantitatively measured photoprotection of the photoprotective composition from the UV absorption spectrum.