A quartz crystal microbalance coated with functionalized nanoparticles used to detect molecule-nanoparticle interactions to assist with characterization of difficult to predict molecule-nanoparticle interactions for novel ligand chemistries and, particularly, mixed ligand nanoparticles exhibiting different ligand morphologies, in order to quantify nanoparticle-molecule interactions independently from more complex solvation requirements.

Carbon-detected NMR is well-suited for mapping binding sites in intrinsically disordered regions of a polypeptides, and for mapping of binding motifs in intrinsically disordered regions with single-residue resolution. Provided are methods of carbon-detected NMR for determining the amino acids that mediate the interaction between an intrinsically disordered polypeptide or protein, or an intrinsically disordered region of a polypeptide, and a biomolecule such as another polypeptide or a nucleic acid.

An interfacial process for preparing a poly(aliphatic ester-carbonate) includes providing an initial polymerization reaction mixture comprising an aliphatic C6-20 dicarboxylic acid, a bisphenol, an alkali hydroxide, and optionally a catalyst in a solvent system comprising water and an immiscible organic solvent, adding an initial portion of a carbonyl dihalide over a first time period while maintaining the reaction at a first pH from 7 to 8; and adding a second portion of the carbonyl dihalide over a second, subsequent time period while maintaining the reaction pH at a second pH from 9 to 12, to provide a product polymerization mixture, wherein the amount of alkali hydroxide in the initial polymerization reaction mixture is effective to increase the fraction of the first time period at a measured pH of 7 to 8 compared to the same reaction mixture with a higher amount of alkali hydroxide in the initial polymerization mixture.

Apparatus and methods for the detection of proteins in biological fluids such as urine using a label-free assay is described. Specific proteins are detected by their binding to highly specific capture reagents such as SOMAmers that are attached to the surface of a substrate. Changes to these capture reagents and their local environment upon protein binding modify the behavior of color centers (e.g., fluorescence, ionization state, spin state, etc.) embedded in the substrate beneath the bound capture reagents. These changes can be read out, for example, optically or electrically, for an individual color center or as an average response of many color centers.

A method for the qualification and selection of manufacturing processes, raw materials, intermediates and batch production of pentosan polysulfate based on the identification of acetylated monosaccharide units, including units of xylose substituted with 4-O-methyl-glucuronic which also lead the acetyl group, as structural characterizing units, is disclosed.

Non-caloric artificial sweeteners (NAS) are used as a substitute for natural sugars by providing the sweet taste. This invention measures the effects of artificial sweeteners on the enzyme kinetics of biological systems. The claimed invention is directed to a method of measuring the effect of an artificial sweetener on enzyme-catalyzed hydrolysis of a sugar comprising establishing a first sugar enzymatic conversion rate, then determining a second sugar enzymatic conversion rate, and lastly comparing the first sugar enzymatic rate and the second sugar enzymatic conversion rate. The sugar enzymatic conversion rates can be measured by either nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy or a glucometer. The methodology presented may be applied to the elucidation of kinetic parameters for invertase catalyzed conversion of sucrose to glucose and fructose.

According to the present invention, a deuterium-substituted marker for fuel is synthesized through substitution with deuterium so as to have structurally and chemically similar properties to those of a molecule configuring fuel oil. A molecule of the deuterium-substituted marker is significantly similar to the conventional molecule configuring the fuel oil, which may prevent illegal removal of the marker by the fake oil manufacturers. According to the present invention, it is able to pursue public safety and environmental protection from fake oil products, and to prevent national tax evasion, by preventing the illegal mixing of fuel oil to secure a legal distribution of the oil market according to the present invention.

A magnetic resonance device for monitoring growth of tissue in one or more bioreactors. The device can include a first magnet and a second magnet that can form a uniform magnetic field of desired strength around at least one sample of effluent from at least one bioreactor. At the command of a controller, an RF signal can illuminate the at least one magnetized sample, and sensors can detect at least one echo signal from the at least one magnetized sample. The controller can characterize the at least one sample based on the at least one echo signal. A resonator can shape the at least one echo signal.

The invention relates to detecting coagulation and coagulation-related activities including agglutination and fibrinolysis of samples. More particularly the invention relates to methods and apparatus for monitoring coagulation and/or obtaining a coagulation time of a sample using NMR-based detectors.

The disclosure provides a lipid nanodisc including a lipid bilayer having two opposing hydrophilic faces and a hydrophobic edge between the hydrophilic faces, and a copolymer encircling the hydrophobic edge of the lipid bilayer, the copolymer including a first monomeric unit including a pendant aromatic group, and a second monomeric unit including a pendant hydrophilic group, wherein the first monomeric unit and the second monomeric unit are present in the copolymer is a molar ratio ranging from 1:1 to 3:1 for the first monomeric unit:the second monomeric unit. The disclosure further provides a method of making the polymer-based lipid nanodiscs of the disclosure and methods of characterizing membrane proteins using the polymer-based lipid nanodiscs of the disclosure.