A testing system for causing a physical change in a crack tip region of a crack within a specimen. The testing system includes a load application system for applying a load to the specimen having the crack formed therein, an electrothermal system for applying an electrical current through the specimen and comprising a power supply and a controller operably coupled to the load application system and the electrothermal system. The load application system configured to perform a crack growth test on the specimen. A method of thermally influencing a crack tip region of a crack within a specimen includes applying at least one pulse of current to the specimen to generate flux tangentially around the crack within the specimen and at the crack tip region and causing the crack tip region of the crack within the specimen to reach a predetermined activation temperature.

A method includes providing a length of pipeline that has a housing defining a central bore extending the length of the pipe and a space formed within the housing and extending the length of the pipe. At least one condition within the space is continuously monitored within the space to detect in real time if a change in the housing occurs.

A method includes providing a length of pipeline that has a housing defining a central bore extending the length of the pipe and a space formed within the housing and extending the length of the pipe. At least one condition within the space is continuously monitored within the space to detect in real time if a change in the housing occurs.

A triple point immersion cell article determines a triple point of a non-metallic analyte and includes: a first cryochamber including a first cryo-zone; a second cryochamber including a second cryo-zone that is: nested and disposed in the first cryochamber; and thermally isolated by the first cryochamber; a third cryochamber including a third cryo-zone, the third cryochamber being: nested and disposed in the second cryochamber; thermally isolated from the exterior environment by the first cryochamber and the second cryochamber; and thermally isolated from the first cryochamber by the second cryochamber; and a fourth cryochamber including a fourth cryo-zone disposed in the third cryochamber; a triple-point pressure vessel disposed in the fourth cryochamber; and a thermowell disposed in the triple-point pressure vessel.

A system includes a phase behavior analysis unit having a housing, a heating system connected to the housing and arranged to heat an interior of the housing, a pressure cell positioned in the interior of the housing, and a three-way valve with one inlet fluidly connected to a chamber in the pressure cell and two outlets. The system also includes a gas chromatograph that is fluidly coupled to the chamber in the pressure cell via the three-way valve.

A system includes a phase behavior analysis unit having a housing, a heating system connected to the housing and arranged to heat an interior of the housing, a pressure cell positioned in the interior of the housing, and a three-way valve with one inlet fluidly connected to a chamber in the pressure cell and two outlets. The system also includes a gas chromatograph that is fluidly coupled to the chamber in the pressure cell via the three-way valve.

A method for testing a phase transformation point of aluminium alloy, comprising cutting an aluminium alloy material to obtain at least three samples to be tested; performing heat treatment on a first sample to be tested to obtain a first resistivity-temperature curve; respectively performing quenching treatment and annealing treatment on a second sample to be tested and a third sample to be tested to obtain the second sample to be tested at a quenched state and the third sample to be tested at a fully annealed state, and respectively heating the second sample to be tested at a quenched state and the third sample to be tested at a fully annealed state to obtain a second resistivity-temperature curve and a third resistivity-temperature curve; obtaining a relative resistivity-temperature curve; and determining a phase transformation starting temperature and a phase transformation termination temperature of the sample to be tested according to the relative resistivity-temperature curve. By means of this method, a phase transformation behavior and a phase transformation temperature under a non-linear cooling condition can be tested. The range of a cooling rate which can be tested in the method is wide, and a phase transformation behavior of a small volume fraction and precipitated phase information about a small size can be captured.

A method for testing a phase transformation point of aluminium alloy, comprising cutting an aluminium alloy material to obtain at least three samples to be tested; performing heat treatment on a first sample to be tested to obtain a first resistivity-temperature curve; respectively performing quenching treatment and annealing treatment on a second sample to be tested and a third sample to be tested to obtain the second sample to be tested at a quenched state and the third sample to be tested at a fully annealed state, and respectively heating the second sample to be tested at a quenched state and the third sample to be tested at a fully annealed state to obtain a second resistivity-temperature curve and a third resistivity-temperature curve; obtaining a relative resistivity-temperature curve; and determining a phase transformation starting temperature and a phase transformation termination temperature of the sample to be tested according to the relative resistivity-temperature curve. By means of this method, a phase transformation behavior and a phase transformation temperature under a non-linear cooling condition can be tested. The range of a cooling rate which can be tested in the method is wide, and a phase transformation behavior of a small volume fraction and precipitated phase information about a small size can be captured.

The present disclosure relates to a method for measuring aromatic contents in a hydrocarbon solution. More specifically, it relates to a measurement method capable of quickly and accurately checking aromatic contents in a compound, particularly in a hydrocarbon, in a solution state without a high-temperature drying process.

The present disclosure relates to a method for measuring aromatic contents in a hydrocarbon solution. More specifically, it relates to a measurement method capable of quickly and accurately checking aromatic contents in a compound, particularly in a hydrocarbon, in a solution state without a high-temperature drying process.