Standards for non-destructive testing methodologies and methods of fabricating the standards are disclosed herein. The standards include a void-defect coupon that includes a spheroidal void and an elongated void. The spheroidal void has a maximum dimension and a spheroidal void volume. The elongated void had a longitudinal dimension, a maximum transverse dimension, and an elongated void volume. The longitudinal dimension of the elongated void is greater than the maximum dimension of the spheroidal void. The maximum transverse dimension of the elongated void is less than the maximum dimension of the spheroidal void. The methods include forming a first void-defect coupon and forming a second void-defect coupon.

A method for determining a quality of a friction stir welded seam is described. The method involves applying an impact to a welded plate and comparing its damping capacity with the damping capacity of a geometrically equivalent defect-free plate. Damping capacities that differ by a small percent difference indicate that the welded plate is also defect-free. This method is particularly advantageous when dealing with small defects, which produce miniscule changes in natural frequency which may not be measureable.

A method for detecting a tension force defect of a steel cable includes the following steps: step S10: providing an excitation sensor on a first position of a steel cable to be detected and providing a detection sensor on a second position of the steel cable; step S20: obtaining a value of a tension force on the steel cable and obtaining a first display diagram corresponding to the value of the tension force; step S30: loading a white noise signal on the excitation sensor through a power amplifier; step S40: acquiring a detection signal collected by the detection sensor; step S50: uploading the detection signal to a personal computer (PC) and performing a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) process on the detection signal; step S60: determining whether there is a defect in the steel cable, and if so, performing step S70; step S70: determining a defect position of the steel cable.

The present application provides a pipeline structural fault diagnosis apparatus and a diagnosis method. The pipeline structural fault diagnosis apparatus includes a signal generating apparatus configured to generate an acoustic wave signal by knocking a pipeline; a signal collecting apparatus configured to collect the acoustic wave signal; a signal storage apparatus configured to store the acoustic wave signal for a signal processing and analyzing apparatus to analyze and determine a fault type, a fault degree, and a fault position. The acoustic wave signal after being generated by the signal generating apparatus is collected by the signal collecting apparatus and stored in the signal storage apparatus. The signal processing and analyzing apparatus extracts the acoustic wave signal in the signal storage apparatus, and performs processing and analysis to determine the fault type, the fault degree, and the fault position of the pipeline structure.

The disclosure discloses a method, apparatus and system for detecting multi-mode electromagnetic acoustic and magnetic flux leakage and a sensor. The method comprises: S102, receiving an operation instruction for detecting an object to be detected, the operation instruction is used for controlling a detection sensor to enter into any one or more of working modes as follows: magnetic flux leakage detection, ultrasonic bulk wave detection, ultrasonic guided wave detection and surface wave detection; S104, controlling the detection sensor to output a corresponding detection signal according to the operation instruction; and S106, detecting the object to be detected on the basis of the detection signal. The technical solution achieves a purpose of using one sensor to realize various detection modes, such as magnetic flux leakage and electromagnetic acoustic modes, reduces complexity and cost of a detection system, and improves detection efficiency.

A method of testing for thickness loss in a metal wall is disclosed. The method includes mounting a first and a second ultrasonic transducer to the metal such that the transducers are in ultrasonic communication along a beam line and moving the first and second ultrasonic transducers along a scan line. A series of composites of received signal measurements are obtained by, at multiple locations along the scan line, using the first ultrasonic transducer to transmit ultrasonic signals through the metal wall along the beam line at a plurality of transmission angles and obtaining composites of received signal amplitudes by combining signal amplitudes measured by the second ultrasonic transducer. The series of composites are input into a predetermined relationship to obtain a thickness profile indicative of a proportion of remaining wall thickness. The predetermined relationship is experimentally obtained to characterize a given metal wall of nominal thickness.

A system and method of ultrasonically inspecting coiled wire includes a wire drawer, a first power feeder, an ultrasonic inspection device, and a re-coiler. The wire drawer receives wire that is unspooled from a first coil of wire that has not been internally inspected for defects. The wire is then fed through the first power feeder, which straightens the wire. The straightened wire is then fed through the ultrasonic inspection device to detect internal defects of the wire. The inspected wire is then re-coiled into a second coil of wire that has been ultrasonically inspected for internal defects. Accordingly, raw and uninspected wire coils can be continuously conditioned and inspected and then re-coiled, and may be certified for use in specific manufacturing processes, without having to inspect individual cut and separated sections of wire.

A method for determining a quality of a friction stir welded seam is described. The method involves applying an impact to a welded plate and comparing its damping capacity with the damping capacity of a geometrically equivalent defect-free plate. Damping capacities that differ by a small percent difference indicate that the welded plate is also defect-free. This method is particularly advantageous when dealing with small defects, which produce miniscule changes in natural frequency which may not be measureable.

A method for determining a quality of a friction stir welded seam is described. The method involves applying an impact to a welded plate and comparing its damping capacity with the damping capacity of a geometrically equivalent defect-free plate. Damping capacities that differ by a small percent difference indicate that the welded plate is also defect-free. This method is particularly advantageous when dealing with small defects, which produce miniscule changes in natural frequency which may not be measureable.

A method for determining a position of a fault of equipment includes receiving a plurality of sound source signals from a plurality of sound source inputting apparatuses, determining an abnormal operation of the equipment by analyzing at least one sound source signal among the sound source signals, and extracting abnormal sound source signals from the sound source signals. The abnormal sound source signals are indicative of abnormal operation of the equipment. The method further includes determining a position of the abnormal operation based on a time difference between the abnormal sound source signals.