A sensor device comprises a radio circuit; air-quality detectors; a microcontroller; a building management system (BMS) integration module, the BMS integration module including a transceiver distinct from the radio circuit and a co processor distinct from the microcontroller; and a memory that configures the sensor device to: transmit, during a first time period, a wake-up signal, wherein the wake-up signal includes at least a packet number; send, during a second time period, an acknowledgment (ACK) signal, wherein the ACK signal is sent in reference to a synchronized time slot and a packet number; transmit, during a third time period, at least sensor reading data of least one air quality detector, wherein the sensor reading data is encrypted using at least an encryption key stored in the memory; receive, during a fourth time period, a sleep signal; and enter into a sleep mode upon receipt of the sleep signal.

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a real-time calibration device, a real-time calibration method and a detection apparatus. The real-time calibration device is in fluid communication with a sample injection pipeline of the apparatus to be calibrated. The real-time calibration device is configured to release a trace amount of calibration agent molecules during a sample injection of the apparatus to be calibrated, so that the trace amount of calibration agent molecules and a sample entering the apparatus to be calibrated are mixed and together enter the apparatus to be calibrated, and information of the sample and the calibration agent is detected by the apparatus to be calibrated, thereby performing a calibration.

A method of using mass and force indicators in electrochemical gas sensor management is provided. The method includes measuring a change in mass of an electrochemical gas sensor and determining a status of the electrochemical gas sensor based on results of the measuring of the change in mass.

A method of determining a presence, concentration or change in concentration of a first or second material in an environment is disclosed. The method comprises measuring a response of a first sensor to the first and second material, wherein the first sensor is one of a metal oxide sensor, an electrochemical sensor, a photoionisation sensor, an infrared sensor, a pellistor sensor, an optical particle monitor, a quartz crystal microbalance sensor, a surface acoustic wave sensor, a cavity ring-down spectroscopy sensor, or a biosensor. The method further comprises measuring a response of a second sensor to the first and second material, wherein the second sensor is another one of a metal oxide sensor, an electrochemical sensor, a photoionisation sensor, an infrared sensor, a pellistor sensor, an optical particle monitor, a quartz crystal microbalance sensor, a surface acoustic wave sensor, a cavity ring-down spectroscopy sensor, a biosensor or a field effect transistor sensor. The method further comprises determining from first and second sensor measurements, a presence, concentration or change in concentration of the first or second material.

A light emitting and receiving apparatus includes a controller and a calculator. The controller acquires a first detection current from a light-receiving element when supplying a first drive current to a light-emitting element and acquires a second detection current from the light-receiving element when supplying a second drive current to the light-emitting element. The calculator generates a signal indicating deterioration of the light-emitting element when a reference value and an aging value satisfy a deterioration judgment condition, the aging value being a ratio between the first detection current and the second detection current. The detection accuracy of the light emitting and receiving apparatus is thereby improved.

A system and method for testing a gas sensor with a test gas and that recovers the test gas after testing. The test gas is stored in a test gas source, and delivered to the gas sensor through a supply circuit. After the test is completed, gas is withdrawn from the supply circuit into a recycle circuit. A compressor in the recycle circuit pulls the test gas into the recycle circuit, pressurizes the test gas and discharges the pressurized test gas back into the test gas source. Valves are in the supply and recycle circuits, which when selectively opened and closed changes between testing and recycle configurations. The recycle flow is filtered to prevent air and other non-test gas substances from being introduced into the test gas source.

A method for calibrating a target gas sensor inside a drone comprises receiving air flow at the target sensor due to least one of diverted propeller air flow or diverted air flow caused by drone flight, measuring a concentration of the target gas, receiving equivalent air flow at a sensor of at least one reference gas having known atmospheric concentration positioned in or on the drone, measuring a concentration of the at least one reference gas, and calibrating the measured concentration of the target gas based on the measured concentration of the at least one reference gas.

A system and method for remote calibration of an air-quality sensor device. The method includes receiving sensor data from at least one sensor device; analyzing the received sensor data to identify at least statistically-significant values indicating on at least drift from initial calibrated values of each of the at least one sensor device; for each identified drifted sensor device, computing re-calibration updates, wherein the re-calibration updates adjust the initial calibrated values such that readings of the respective drifted sensor device fall within a range of expected values; and transmitting the re-calibration updates to the respective drifted sensor device, wherein the respective drifted sensor device upon receiving the re-calibration updates is configured to update its calibration parameters.

A universal safety guard is provided. The guard may comprise a housing comprising an adapter coupling end, a dual mode chamber, a calibration gas port, and an ambient air end. The guard may also comprise an assembly configurable in a sensing position, in which ambient air may be admitted into the chamber, and a calibration position, in which calibration gas may be admitted into the chamber and the ambient air is blocked from reaching the chamber. The guard may comprise a detector adapter comprising a calibration housing fitting at one end and a gas detector fitting at an opposite end. The calibration housing fitting may comprise a static circumferential sealing interface that hermetically engages the adapter coupling end. The gas detector fitting may comprise a dynamic inner circumferential sealing interface for hermetic engagement with a gas detector comprising an outer sealing interface that complements the dynamic inner circumferential sealing interface.

A substance sensor includes sensitive membranes to react with substances included in the odors of a gas in correspondence with the substances, and is configured to detect the reaction values of the sensitive membranes. An odor specifier specifies the odors of the gas on the basis of the reaction values of the sensitive membranes. A reaction value calculator calculates reaction values corresponding to the odors specified by the odor specifier on the basis of the reaction values of the sensitive membranes. A percentage calculator calculates the percentages of the reaction values corresponding to the odors specified by the odor specifier to the total of the reaction values corresponding to the odors. A display displays the percentages of the reaction values corresponding to the odors, calculated by the percentage calculator, so that comparison of the percentages is enabled between the odors specified by the odor specifier.