An apparatus for optical in-situ gas analysis includes: a housing; a measuring lance a first end connected to the housing and a second end projecting into the gas to be measured; a light transmitter that is arranged in the housing and whose light is conducted into the measuring lance and is reflected by a reflector arranged at the second end onto a light receiver, and the optical path defines an optical measurement path within the measuring lance; and, an evaluation device for evaluating received light signals of the light receiver. In order to be able to reduce the consumption of test gas, the measuring lance has an outer tube, with the outer tube having openings for the gas to be measured. The openings can be closed by at least one seal for the test phase, with the seal searingly closing the openings by the enlargement of its volume.

A heat exchanger comprises an outer shell extending between axially opposed ends and having a first fluid inlet and a first fluid outlet, one or more tubes passing through the tubular shell, a collection vessel disposed in an upper surface of the outer shell or the first fluid outlet, and a level sensor configured to detect the presence of the second heat exchange fluid within the collection vessel. The first fluid inlet and the first fluid outlet provide a first fluid pathway for a first heat exchange fluid through the outer shell, and the one or more tubes are configured to provide a second fluid pathway for a second heat exchange fluid between a second fluid inlet and a second fluid outlet.

In some embodiments, vehicle-based natural gas leak detection methods include assembling a collection of measured concentration peaks originating from a common natural gas leak according to wind direction, wind variability and inter-peak distance data, and selecting from the collection a subset of one or more representative peaks for display. Assigning peaks to a collection may be performed according to a peak overlap condition dependent upon a scaling (overlap) factor which scales the spatial reach of a peak, and according to a wind condition which determines whether a downwind event points toward an upwind event. The scaling factor may depend on wind variability and on an orientation of an inter-peak vector relative to a representative wind direction. Peak filtering is particularly useful in urban environments, where buildings channel gas plumes and one leak may lead to sequential detections of multiple concentration peaks along a path.

An electronic device may have input-output devices such as sensors. The sensors may include environmental sensors that make measurements on the environment surrounding the electronic device. The environmental sensors may make measurements such as temperature measurements, humidity measurements, gas composition measurements, and particulate level measurements. A sensor may communicate with external air through a sensor port in an electronic device housing. An electronic device may have a movable member. The movable member may be moved in response to motion of the electronic device when handled by user or motion of a button or other movable member that is actuated by the user. As the movable member moves, the movable member may create enhanced airflow through the sensor port. This may refresh the air adjacent to an environmental sensor and enhance sensor response time.

The present invention provides an explosion-proof miniaturized combustible gas sensor, comprising: a metal casing having an accommodation space therein; a wire mesh, a vertical surface perpendicular to a side surface where the wire mesh is located and the other side surface opposite thereto being used as a transfer surface of the combustible gas; a heat insulation module embedded in the metal casing; a detection module sensitive to a combustible gas; a compensation module insensitive to a combustible gas and matching the detection module; where the detection module has a higher catalytic combustion activity than the compensation module; a sealant, where a bonding length of the sealant in the accommodation space of the metal casing is used as an effective bonding surface, and the effective bonding surface is perpendicular to the transfer surface. The present invention has the advantages of a miniaturized size, good explosion-proof property and reliable performance.

Embodiments relate generally to systems and methods for updating the location information for a gas detector device. A gas detector device may comprise a wireless receiver operable to receive information from one or more wireless beacons. In some cases, the wireless beacons may comprise location information. When the gas detector device receives a wireless beacon, the location information stored on the gas detector device may be updated accordingly. In some cases, the subsequent readings of the gas detector device may be associated with the updated location information. In some cases, the wireless beacons may be located at critical areas within a facility, such as entrances or exits to locations.

Improved gas leak detection from moving platforms is provided. Automatic horizontal spatial scale analysis can be performed in order to distinguish a leak from background levels of the measured gas. Source identification can be provided by using isotopic ratios and/or chemical tracers to distinguish gas leaks from other sources of the measured gas. Multi-point measurements combined with spatial analysis of the multi-point measurement results can provide leak source distance estimates. Qualitative source identification is provided. These methods can be practiced individually or in any combination.

A resin member with a gas permeable member (8) includes a resin member having at least one gas hole (20h) extending therethrough between a front surface (8a) and a back surface (8b), and a sheet-like gas permeable member (50) covering the gas hole. An outer circumferential portion (50p) of the gas permeable member is embedded in the resin member. The resin member further includes first recesses (22) disposed around the gas hole, depressed from at least one of the front surface and back surfaces, and allowing at least a portion of the gas permeable member to be visible in a front-back direction, and second recesses (24) disposed externally of an outer peripheral edge (50e) of the gas permeable member and depressed from at least one of the front surface and the back surface and through which the gas permeable member is invisible in the front-back direction.

The invention provides an analytical process, which preferably is a one-step process, for detecting in a sample peroxide-based explosives, nitrate-based explosives and/or nitramine-based explosives, the process comprising contacting a sample suspected of containing a peroxide-based compound, especially a peroxide-based explosive, a nitramine, nitrate ester or a nitrate salt, especially a nitrate-based explosive and/or a nitramine-based explosive, with a composition comprising a Ni-porphyrin, an acid and preferably an acid-stable solvent.

Dispensing device including a dispensing conduit configured to convey a liquid between a supply source and a tank, the dispensing conduit including a closure system having an open state and a closed state, an analysis system including an analysis chamber and an odor sensor, a central electronic system capable of placing the closure system in the open state if an odor signal delivered by the odor sensor matches the odor of the liquid intended to fill the tank, and placing the closure system in the closed state if an odor signal delivered by the odor sensor does not match the odor of the liquid intended to fill the tank.