A system for separation of components of a natural gas product uses a first separation column to receive the natural gas product and to provide first stage components including a first component gas, uses a gas converter to provide second stage components that includes third component gas from at least a second component gas of such first stage components, and uses a second separation column to provide third stage components that includes the first component gas, the third component gas, and one or more additional carbon-based components provided in or over a period of time associated with the separation of the components of the natural gas product.

A system for separation of components of a natural gas product uses a first separation column to receive the natural gas product and to provide first stage components including a first component gas, uses a gas converter to provide second stage components that includes third component gas from at least a second component gas of such first stage components, and uses a second separation column to provide third stage components that includes the first component gas, the third component gas, and one or more additional carbon-based components provided in or over a period of time associated with the separation of the components of the natural gas product.

The present invention has as its object the provision of a methane number calculation method that allows for readily acquiring a methane number of a natural gas, which is a sample gas to be measured, with acceptable reliability irrespective of toe gas composition, and as another object the provision of a methane number measurement device that is capable of monitoring the fuel property of a natural gas to be used as a fuel gas.

The present invention includes: acquiring in advance a particular relational expression between the methane number and the basic calorific value of a plurality of types of reference gases, each formed of a natural gas and each having a different methane number value; measuring the basic calorific value of a natural gas, which is a sample gas, as well as the concentration of the nitrogen gas and the concentration of the carbon dioxide gas, both gases being contained in the sample gas; and calculating the methane number of the sample gas from the value of the basic calorific value of the sample gas, the value of the concentration of the nitrogen gas and the value of the concentration of the carbon dioxide gas, and the particular relational expression.

A device for ascertaining a measure of a calorific value of a gas, having a membrane arranged between a first and a second electrode a controllable voltage/current source for generating a control voltage/current between the first and second electrode, and an analyzing device for ascertaining the measure of the calorific value of the gas. By applying the control voltage/current to the first and second electrode, oxygen is transported from an oxygen-containing reference gas into the gas through the membrane and is combusted with combustible components of the gas. The analyzing device ascertains the measure of the calorific value of the gas dependent on the generated control voltage/current a temperature of the membrane, or dependent on an impedance of the membrane.

The present disclosure generally relates to systems and methods utilizing regenerative agriculture for the procurement, production, refinement and/or transformation of low carbon intensity transportation fuels, including low carbon intensity biodiesel and/or renewable diesel, low carbon intensity biogasoline, low carbon intensity aviation, marine and kerosene fuels as well as fuel oil blends, low carbon intensity ethanol, and low carbon intensity hydrogen, that may be beneficially commercialized directly to consumers. In further aspects, the systems and methods of the present disclosure advantageously generate low carbon intensity comestibles, including sustainably-sourced meal and/or feed. The disclosed systems and methods may be utilized and optimized such that the resulting fuels and foodstuffs are characterized by a reduction in greenhouse gas production and a diminution in the fertilizer, pesticide and water required for producing the associated crop feedstocks.

Apparatus, assembly and method for investigating the integrity of a seal and sealant contained in a sealing fitting used in hazardous locations. The apparatus/assembly can include signal transmitters and signal receivers provided on a conduit system on either side of a sealing fitting. The apparatus/assembly can include probes placed on either side of a sealant within a sealing fitting, the probes placed in probe ports provided through the wall of the sealing fitting.

A method includes providing a length of pipeline that has a housing defining a central bore extending the length of the pipe and a space formed within the housing and extending the length of the pipe. At least one condition within the space is continuously monitored within the space to detect in real time if a change in the housing occurs.

An assembly comprising an upstream pipe, a downstream pipe, and a system (1) for measuring variation in the gas content of a two-phase flow, the assembly comprising:

an insulating sheath (6), an upstream ground (2), a measurement electrode (3), a guard electrode (7), and a downstream ground (4) arranged in succession in said insulating sheath (6) and each presenting an identical internal section defining an internal flow duct for a two-phase flow from the upstream ground (2) towards the downstream ground (4) in line with the upstream pipe and the downstream pipe, the guard electrode (7) being subjected to the same potential as the measurement electrode (3), the measurement electrode (3) measuring the capacitance of the two-phase flow relative to the upstream ground (2) and variation in that capacitance, the upstream ground (2) and the downstream ground (4) being electrically connected to the upstream pipe and to the downstream pipe, respectively.

A gas concentration detection device for detecting a gas concentration using a limiting current type gas concentration sensor. In an application voltage line set to pass through a plurality of limiting current regions for different values of gas concentration, the voltage set by the application voltage line is an identical first voltage value used when an air/fuel ratio corresponding to the gas concentration is in a predetermined first range, is an identical second voltage value different from the first voltage value used when the air/fuel ratio is in a second range adjacent to the first range, and the first voltage value and the second voltage value are switched between the first range and the second range.

A system for measuring quality of fuel in an engine is disclosed. The system includes a fuel quality measuring unit and a controller in communication with the fuel quality measuring unit. The fuel quality measuring unit includes a first valve, a second valve, and a quality measurement sensor disposed between the first valve and the second valve. The controller is configured to determine whether the engine is running in a steady state condition, and identify a measurement window based on a pressure of the fuel at an inlet, an Intake Manifold Pressure (IMP), and the steady state condition. The controller is configured to control an opening and a closing of the first valve, the second valve, and a fuel metering valve during the measurement window. The controller is configured to determine the quality of the fuel captured between the first valve and the second valve by the quality measurement sensor.