A sensor assembly adapted to be embedded in a concrete structure comprising a body, and at least one sensor configured to determine parameters related to the durability of a concrete structure, wherein the sensor is arranged at least partially within the body, wherein the body comprises a shell covering the outer surface of the body and consisting of or comprising a mineral material, and wherein the sensor assembly has a rounded shape, particularly an ellipsoid or spherical shape, and a first extension extending along a first axis being 90 mm or less. A concrete structure is also provided having at least one sensor assembly.

A disclosed construction structure unit may include at least one split-ring resonator, which may be embedded within a material. The split ring resonator may be formed from a three-dimensional (3D) monolithic carbonaceous growth and may detect an electromagnetic ping emitted from a user device. The split ring resonator may generate an electromagnetic return signal in response to the electromagnetic ping. The electromagnetic return signal may indicate a state of the material in a position proximate to a respective split ring resonator. In some aspects, the split-ring resonator may resonate at a first frequency in response to the electromagnetic ping when the material is in a first state, and may resonate at a second frequency in response to the electromagnetic ping when the material is in a second state. A resonant frequency of the 3D monolithic carbonaceous growth may be based on physical characteristics of the material.

Methods, systems, and apparatus for generating a recipe for a concrete mixture, comprising: obtaining an optical characterization of a set of particles; determining, based on the optical characterization, physical characteristics of the set of particles; generating a multispherical approximation of the set of particles; selecting, based on the physical characteristics of the set of particles and from a database of performance rules, performance rules applicable to the set of particles; predicting performance of a proposed recipe for a concrete mixture formed from the set of particles by: determining a wet flowability rating of the proposed recipe based on the selected performance rules; and determining a dry packing rating of the proposed recipe based on the multispherical approximation; iteratively altering the proposed recipe and predicting performance of the altered proposed recipe until the predicted performance satisfies performance criteria to obtain a final recipe; and outputting the final recipe.

The apparatus for detecting moisture in a building structure comprises at least one inductance element; at least one fixed capacitance element configured not to have a change in capacitance although the moisture is present in the building structure; and

at least one variable capacitance element configured to be electrically connected with the at least one fixed capacitance element and have a change in capacitance when the moisture is present in the building structure, wherein at least one first resonant frequency is determined based on the at least one inductance element, the at least one fixed capacitance element, and the at least one variable capacitance element.

A method for identifying zones in an annulus with poor cementing that may include deploying a fiber optic cable within the wellbore, creating a temperature gradient in the wellbore, and collecting temperature data over a period of time as the wellbore returns to a thermal equilibrium. The method may also include comparing the temperature data collected by the fiber optic cable at one or more locations to predicted temperature data over the period of time at the one or more locations to identify locations where the measured temperature data deviates from the predicted temperature data for identifying locations or zones of the annulus that have poor cementing.

The present invention discloses a method and device for automatically drawing structural cracks and precisely measuring widths thereof. The method comprises a method for automatically drawing cracks and a method for calculating widths of these cracks based on a single-pixel skeleton and Zernike orthogonal moments, wherein the method for automatically drawing cracks is used to rapidly and precisely draw cracks in the surface of a structure, and the method for calculating widths of these cracks based on a single-pixel skeleton and Zernike orthogonal moments is used to calculate widths of macro-cracks and micro-cracks in an image in a real-time manner.

An exemplary method of indicating a condition of grout within a post-tensioned tendon involves positioning a magnet and a metallic sensing plate in close proximity to an outer surface of the post-tensioned tendon; rotating the magnet and the metallic sensing plate around the outer surface of the post-tensioned tendon; measuring an amount of magnetic forces applied to the magnet during rotation of the magnet around the post-tensioned tendon; measuring an impedance between the metallic sensing plate and metallic strands within the post-tensioned tendon during rotation of the metallic sensing plate around the post-tensioned tendon; and generating an image of a cross-section of the post-tensioned tendon indicating one or more grout conditions in spatial proximity to the metallic strands within the post-tensioned tendon based on measurement data using the magnet and the metallic sensing plate.

A method may include: analyzing each of a group of inorganic particles to generate data about physicochemical properties of each of the inorganic particles; and generating a correlation between a reactivity index of each of the inorganic particles and the data.

A reinforcement bar corrosion evaluation device capable of efficiently and quantitatively evaluating a degree of corrosion of reinforcement bar in a reinforced concrete (RC) deck bridge. includes: an acquisition section configured to acquire reflection response data related to a reflection response of electromagnetic waves irradiated from a surface of the reinforced concrete deck bridge in a depth direction of a deck panel, a removal section configured to remove a surface frequency component obtained by the electromagnetic waves being reflected at an asphalt concrete layer of the deck panel from a frequency distribution of a reflection response expressing the reflection response data acquired by the acquisition section, and an evaluation section configured to evaluate a degree of corrosion of the reinforcement bar in the deck panel by using a first measurement peak value in the frequency distribution of the reflection response from which the surface frequency component has been removed by the removal section, which is a peak value of a level of a frequency component of a first frequency band, and using a second measurement peak value therein, which is a peak value of a level of a frequency component of a second frequency band that is a higher frequency band than the first frequency band.

Concrete can be one of the most durable building materials and structures made of concrete can have a long service life. Consumption is projected to reach approximately 40 billion tons in 2017. Despite this the testing of concrete at all stages of its life cycle is still in its early stages although testing for corrosion is well established. Further many of the tests today are time consuming, expensive, and provide results only after it has been poured and set. Embodiments of the invention provide concrete suppliers, construction companies, regulators, architects, and others with rapid testing and performance data regarding the cure, performance, corrosion of concrete at different points in its life cycle based upon a simple electrical tests that remove subjectivity, allow for rapid assessment, are integrable to the construction process, and provided full life cycle assessment. Wireless sensors can be embedded from initial loading through post-cure into service life.