A method of storing digital data in non-biological sequence-controlled polymers includes converting a digital data file into a monomer sequence, synthesizing polymer chains according to the monomer sequence, and encapsulating the polymer chains into microfluidic droplets and providing the microfluidic droplets with addresses. A polymer data storage system has a first converter to convert digital data to a polymer sequence, a polymer synthesizer to produce polymer chains according to a pre-determined monomer sequence, a fluidic encapsulation system to encapsulate the polymer chains in microfluidic droplets and to apply addressing materials to the microfluidic droplets, a storage for storing the microfluidic droplets, a droplet sorting system having at least an actuator to sort the droplets, a sequencer to derive the polymer sequence from the polymer chains contained in the droplets, and a second converter to convert the polymer sequence to digital data. A composition of matter wherein polymer chains comprising alternating segments of flexible linkers and one or more rigid monomer blocks, and wherein the rigid blocks are defined in a meaningful manner to store in a sequence in the polymer chain that represents digital data.

A test device for testing an oxidation potential of an electrolyte is provided. The test device comprises a cavity, a test unit, a detector, a processing unit, and a display. The test unit comprises a positive plate comprising a first through hole, a negative plate comprising a second through hole, a first infrared window covering the first through hole, a second infrared window covering the second through hole, and an electrolyte located between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate. The first through hole and the second through hole penetrate each other. The first infrared window, the positive plate, the negative plate, and the second infrared window are stacked with each other. An infrared light beam passes through the first infrared window, the first through hole, the electrolyte, the second through hole, and the second infrared window in sequence and then is detected by the detector;

The present invention relates to a method for determining hydrolysis degree and charge density of polyelectrolyte or phosphonate in a sample. In the method the sample is mixed with a reagent comprising a lanthanide(lll) ion. The mixture is excited at an excitation wavelength and a signal deriving from the lanthanide(lll) ion is detected by using time-resolved fluorescence measurement, followed by determining the hydrolysis degree and the charge density of the polyelectrolyte or phosphonate by using the detected sample signal.

Provided is a non-destructive method for evaluating the structure of a water-absorbing resin which can be advantageously used for controlling various properties of the water-absorbing resin. This non-destructive method for evaluating the structure of a water-absorbing resin involves non-destructively evaluating the structure of a water-absorbing resin through an X-ray computer tomographic technique, wherein the method comprises a step 1 for installing the water-absorbing resin to be evaluated on a test piece stage of an X-ray computer tomography device, a step 2 for performing X-ray computer tomography on the water-absorbing resin using the X-ray computer tomography device and acquiring tomographic image data of the water-absorbing resin, and a step 3 for analyzing the tomographic image data using image analysis software and obtaining a tomographic image of the water-absorbing resin.

The method for setting polymerization conditions includes a physical property acquiring step, in which, when a composition which includes a polymerizable reactive compound including an episulfide compound, and a polymerization catalyst is heated and maintained at a predetermined temperature, a physical property value a derived from a functional group of the polymerizable reactive compound before heating and a physical property value b derived from a remaining functional group after maintaining heat for a predetermined time, are acquired; a remaining functional group ratio calculating step of calculating a remaining functional group ratio; a reaction rate coefficient calculating step for calculating a reaction rate coefficient; and a polymerization temperature calculating step of back-calculating each polymerization temperature every predetermined time in a polymerization time.

A method and process for determining the propensity of elastomeric articles to discolor or stain is provided. The elastomeric articles tested are generally crosslinked elastomeric articles containing accelerators, such as carbamates. Residual carbamates can cause staining when contacted with metal ions, such as copper. Tests are disclosed for determining the propensity of the elastomeric articles to stain or discolor. The process can include remediation steps for preventing future articles from staining.

A system and a method for measuring drilling damage in fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) composites is described. Multiple holes are drilled in the FRP composite using a drill having nominal diameter, and the FRP composite is separated into multiple drilled blocks. Each block, covered with the black substrate, is scanned on a scanner to generate a scanned image depicting a hole region, a background, and delamination damage peaks. For each scanned image, a maximum delamination damage peak and a maximum diameter of a first circle concentric with the drilled hole and passing through tip of the maximum delamination peak, are measured. Further, a delamination size and a delamination factor are calculated based on the maximum diameter of the first circle and the nominal diameter of the drill.

This disclosure provides methods of predicting the steady state small scale critical temperatures (S4 T.sub.c) of polymer resins and pipes therefrom.

A measurement system is provided with an array of laser diodes with one or more Bragg reflectors. At least a portion of the light generated by the array is configured to penetrate tissue comprising skin. A detection system configured to: measure a phase shift, and a time-of-flight, of at least a portion of the light from the array of laser diodes reflected from the tissue relative to the portion of the light generated by the array; generate one or more images of the tissue; detect oxy- or deoxy-hemoglobin in the tissue; non-invasively measure blood in blood vessels within or below a dermis layer within the skin; measure one or more physiological parameters based at least in part on the non-invasively measured blood; and measure a variation in the blood or physiological parameter over a period of time.

A strength evaluation method is a strength evaluation method for a composite material in which a plurality of fiber layers are laminated and includes a meandering state measuring process of measuring a meandering state of fibers of the plurality of fiber layers in a direction along the fiber layers, a meandering thickness measuring process of measuring a meandering thickness that is a thickness in a lamination direction of a part in which meanderings of fibers of the plurality of fiber layers occur, and a strength evaluation process of evaluating a strength of the composite material based on the meandering state and the meandering thickness.