Methods, systems, and apparatuses are provided for detecting and determining conditions of and conditions within a fluid conduit.

Methods are disclosed for evaluating a material on a remote side of a partition separating first and second domains wherein flexural waves within the partition are received by spaced-apart ultrasonic receivers and processed to determine the velocity of the waves propagating into the second domain from a first receiver to a second receiver located more remote from the transmitter than the first receiver and whose separation from the first receiver is known. Comparison of a theoretical phase velocity with the measured phase velocity of the recorded waves allows determination as to whether the flexural wave is propagating through solid. This may be based on a measurable deviation between the two curves occurring at a critical frequency, which may be identified by a perturbation in a group velocity plot. Discrimination may also be based on the gradient of a straight line that best-fits the attention dispersion of the frequency spectrum.

The invention provides a method for quantitative analysis of cavity zone of the top of the concrete-filled steel tube, comprising the following steps: By substitution of the determined inner radius of the steel tube, the thickness of the tube wall and the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the steel tube, the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the concrete, and the starting time of the first wave when the ultrasonic wave propagating between the top and the bottom of the concrete-filled steel tube into the calculation model of the cavity height of the top of the concrete-filled steel tube, to obtain the cavity height of the top of the concrete-filled steel tube; the calculation model of the cavity height is:

[00001]$t=\left(\frac{x_1+\sqrt{d^2+2x_2\left(d+r\right)}}{v_s}+\frac{\sqrt{4r^2+d^2+4\mathrm{rd}-2rh-2\mathrm{hd}}-\sqrt{d^2+2x_2\left(d+r\right)}}{v_c}\right);$

wherein, x.sub.1 and x.sub.2 are both calculation variables, and their values are:

[00002]$ x 1 = d 2 + 2 ⁢ h ⁢ d + 2 ⁢ r ⁢ h h + d .Math. arcsin ⁡ ( h + d d 2< METHOD AND DEVICE FOR COMPENSATING FOR COUPLING NONUNIFORMITIES IN ULTRASONIC TESTING 20210278375 · 2021-09-09 · PROCEQ SA · Felix GATTIKER, Thomas SCHLEGEL, Ralph Mennicke A method and a device for testing a component by means of ultrasound is described. It is based on using transducers (4) for sending a probe signal into the component and monitoring its propagation. The response signals (C1 . . . C7) of the individual receivers are analyzed for the strength (A) of the arriving surface wave, and this strength (A) is used for scaling the response signals (C1 . . . C7). This allows to compensate for variations in the coupling strength between the various ultrasonic transducers {4}. Sensor Apparatus for Lithographic Measurements 20210239654 · 2021-08-05 · Asml Netherlands B.V. · Alessandro Polo A sensor apparatus comprising an acoustic assembly arranged to transmit an acoustic signal to a substrate and receive at least part of the acoustic signal after the acoustic signal has interacted with the substrate, a transducer arranged to convert the at least part of the acoustic signal to an electronic signal, and, a processor configured to receive the electronic signal and determine both a topography of at least part of the substrate and a position of a target of the substrate based on the electronic signal. The sensor apparatus may for part of a lithographic apparatus or a metrology apparatus. Method and apparatus to detect gas influx using mud pulse acoustic signals in a wellbore 11098577 · 2021-08-24 · Baker Hughes Oilfield Operations LLC · Bryan Dugas, John D. MacPherson A method and apparatus for determining a gas influx into a wellbore. A work string defining an inner bore area and an annulus area, with a pair of inner bore sensors in the inner bore and a pair of annulus sensors in the annulus. A processor sets a gas influx alarm limit based on a steady-state value of an acoustic parameter measured by the pair of inner bore sensors in an absence of a gas influx and a steady-state value of the acoustic parameter measured by the annulus sensors in the absence of the gas influx. The processor determines a gas influx in the wellbore when a subsequent value of the acoustic parameter is outside of the alarm limit and performs an action at the work string to counteract the gas influx in the wellbore. Nondestructive multispectral vibrothermography inspection system and method therefor 11047819 · 2021-06-29 · Raytheon Technologies Corporation · Thomas J. Martin, Alexander Staroselsky, Alan Matthew Finn A nondestructive multispectral vibrothermography inspection system includes a fixture to retain a component, an ultrasonic excitation source directed toward the component retained within the fixture, a laser Doppler vibrometer directed toward the component retained within the fixture, and a multispectral thermography system directed toward the component retained within the fixture. A method for nondestructive multispectral vibrothermography inspection of a component, includes generating ultrasonic excitations in a component over a broad range of frequencies; determining a spectral signature in the component from the excitations; comparing the spectral energy signature against database 270 of correlations between vibrational frequencies of a multiple of components and the spectral energy distribution thereof, and classifying the component based on the database data. METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR NON-INTRUSIVELY DETERMINING PROPERTIES OF DEPOSIT IN A FLUIDIC CHANNEL 20210190665 · 2021-06-24 · Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. · David B. Bennett, Oluwatosin Ogundare, Claudion OLMI A method is provided for non-intrusively determining deposits of a fluidic channel. The method includes creating a pressure pulse in a fluidic channel. The method also includes sensing, by one or more sensors, reflections of the pressure pulse; and obtaining, from the one or more sensors, a measured pressure profile based on the sensed reflections of the pressure pulse. A processor then can determine one or more properties of the deposit in the fluidic channel based on the measured pressure profile. Non-Destructive Concrete Stress Evaluation 20210164945 · 2021-06-03 · Hanwan JIANG, Hanyu ZHAN, Ruinian JIANG A system of monitoring diffuse waves over a concrete beam under different loads. Ultrasound transmitters and receivers are placed over the concrete beam to emit sound waves and collect diffuse waves under different loads. The waveform variations are observed to quantify a decorrelation coefficient (DC) indicating global structural changes and crack position. An inversion of the correlations is applied to estimate distribution density at each localized position following the sensitivity kernel and inversion algorithms. Then, three-dimensional imaging comprised of density values at each localized position are generated to indicate number, position, and depth of multiple cracks. Stochastic Realization of Parameter Inversion in Physics-Based Empirical Models 20210164944 · 2021-06-03 · Srinivasan Jagnnathan, Oluwatosin Ogundare, Srinath Madasu, Keshava Rangarajan Methods and systems for solving inverse problems arising in systems described by a physics-based forward propagation model use a Bayesian approach to model the uncertainty in the realization of model parameters. A Generative Adversarial Network (“GAN”) architecture along with heuristics and statistical learning is used. This results in a more reliable point estimate of the desired model parameters. In some embodiments, the disclosed methodology may be applied to automatic inversion of physics-based modeling of pipelines. $