Disclosed is a method for detecting a target substance, comprising: forming on a carrier a complex comprising Wisteria floribunda lectin (WFA) and a target substance by mixing the WFA immobilized on the carrier with the target substance comprising a sugar chain that binds to the WFA in the presence of an alcohol having 1 to 7 carbon atoms consisting of carbon atoms, hydrogen atoms, and oxygen atoms; and detecting the target substance by detecting the complex.

Disclosed is a calibrator comprising IgA having a biotin group and a biotin-binding site, the calibrator being used to obtain a concentration of an IgA aggregate in a sample.

A sample, which is a mixture of glycans, is fluorescently labeled (S2). The sample is subsequently separated by microchip electrophoresis under a buffer solution with no lectin added as well as under multiple kinds of buffer solutions with different lectins respectively added, and the separated components are fluorescently detected (S3). A high-concentration gel which can produce a molecular-sieving effect is used as the buffer solution. Multiple electropherograms are created from the detection results (S4). A glycan having a lectin specifically attached is delayed during its migration in the buffer solution, so that a peak corresponding to this glycan will effectively disappear. Accordingly, based on the kinds of lectins and the presence/absence of a peak on each of the electropherograms, the structure of each glycan in the sample is estimated and the glycan is identified (S5).

The present disclosure discloses a gold/quantum dot nanoprobe for detecting active ricin in a complex matrix and application thereof. The gold/quantum dot nanoprobe is a nanoprobe formed by utilizing gold nanoparticles and quantum dots, which are modified by single strand oligodeoxynucleotides (ssODN), to form double strand oligodeoxynucleotides in a base pairing hybridizing mode and assembling the gold nanoparticles and the quantum dots into a core-satellite structure. According to the present disclosure, the gold/quantum dot nanoprobe is used for detecting the active ricin, has a limit of detection of 7.46 ng/mL, is high in accuracy and good in reliability, and does not require large-scale equipment and complex operations. In order to further eliminate the false positive result, the present disclosure further provides a method for enriching ricin in a complex sample by utilizing magnetic beads. In a case that specific active ricin concentration does not need to be known, the gold/quantum dot nanoprobe provided by the present disclosure can implement naked eye visual detection by the quenched and switch-on operations of fluorescence.

The present disclosure relates to a specimen collection solution for a one-step rapid antigen diagnostic test. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to a specimen collection solution including soybean-derived terminally truncated canavalin, sodium chloride, a surfactant, and an emulsifier. Moreover, the present disclosure relates to a diagnostic kit and diagnostic method for a one-step rapid antigen diagnostic test including the specimen collection solution.

Provided is at least one method of suppressing, in an immunoassay using surface plasmon-field enhanced fluorescence spectroscopy (SPFS), nonspecific signals generated by nonspecific adsorption of contaminants contained in a sample to an SPFS sensor section (e.g., a primary antibody, a solid-phase layer and a metal thin film). At least one method relates to a method of suppressing nonspecific signals originating from contaminants in an immunoassay using surface plasmon-field enhanced fluorescence spectroscopy (SPFS) (including cases where a receptor for a compound to be measured is used in place of a primary antibody), the method comprising performing at least one pretreatment.

Disclosed herein are methods of determining innate immune response to infections of a subject comprising mixing a subject blood sample comprising plasma with an anticoagulant solution; adding a sample of innate immune cells incubated with one or more stimulants to the mixture to form a cell sample aliquot; incubating the cell sample aliquots with and without the stimulants for at least one hour at an optimal temperature; separating the plasma from the innate immune cells in the aliquot; measuring one or more cytokines in the plasma; calculating a net stimulation of cytokines the cell sample aliquot; and comparing the net stimulation to a reference group of subjects having adequate innate immunity reactivity. Also disclosed are methods of treating a subject having an innate immune response to an infection.

Described herein are engineered microbe-targeting or microbe-binding molecules, kits comprising the same and uses thereof. Some particular embodiments of the microbe-targeting or microbe-binding molecules comprise a carbohydrate recognition domain of mannose-binding lectin, or a fragment thereof, linked to a portion of a Fc region. In some embodiments, the microbe-targeting molecules or microbe-binding molecules can be conjugated to a substrate, e.g., a magnetic microbead, forming a microbe-targeting substrate (e.g., a microbe-targeting magnetic microbead). Such microbe-targeting molecules and/or substrates and the kits comprising the same can bind and/or capture of a microbe and/or microbial matter thereof, and can thus be used in various applications, e.g., diagnosis and/or treatment of an infection caused by microbes such as sepsis in a subject or any environmental surface. Microbe-targeting molecules and/or substrates can be regenerated after use by washing with a low pH buffer or buffer in which calcium is insoluble.

The present disclosure discloses a gold/quantum dot nanoprobe for detecting active ricin in a complex matrix and application thereof. The gold/quantum dot nanoprobe is a nanoprobe formed by utilizing gold nanoparticles and quantum dots, which are modified by single strand oligodeoxynucleotides (ssODN), to form double strand oligodeoxynucleotides in a base pairing hybridizing mode and assembling the gold nanoparticles and the quantum dots into a core-satellite structure. According to the present disclosure, the gold/quantum dot nanoprobe is used for detecting the active ricin, has a limit of detection of 7.46 ng/mL, is high in accuracy and good in reliability, and does not require large-scale equipment and complex operations. In order to further eliminate the false positive result, the present disclosure further provides a method for enriching ricin in a complex sample by utilizing magnetic beads. In a case that specific active ricin concentration does not need to be known, the gold/quantum dot nanoprobe provided by the present disclosure can implement naked eye visual detection by the quenched and switch-on operations of fluorescence.

The invention encompasses methods and test strips for detecting the presence of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in a biological sample comprising removing sialo-transferrin and selectively detecting or measuring asialo-transferrin in the biological sample.