A method for the in vitro differential diagnosis of thyroid diseases is described comprising the step of determining by means of mass spectrometry in a biological sample the variation in intensity of at least one of the peaks (m/z)0.3% selected from the group consisting of 10129 Th, 9749 Th, 10092 Th, 7935 Th, 4620 Th, 4748 Th, 8565 Th, 7565 Th, 4518 Th, 7936 Th, 5044 Th, 6699 Th, 11310 Th, 12277 Th, 6805 Th, 6880 Th, 8566 Th, 8309 Th, 5564 Th, 9711 Th, 7263 Th, 10296 Th and 4353 Th and/or of at least one of the peaks (m/z)0.3% selected from the group consisting of 4987 Th, 7110 Th, 4804 Th, 9957 Th, 6719 Th, 4372 Th, 4196 Th, 4111 Th, 4282 Th, 5935 Th and 5519 Th.

The invention provides compositions and methods for detecting thyroid hormone blocking immunoglobulin (TBI). The invention's methods are sensitive and specific for TBI, and may be used for the dual detection of both TBI and TSI. The invention's compositions and methods are useful for the diagnosis of diseases that are associated with the presence of TBI and/or TSI, for monitoring the progress of disease and/or treatment regimens, therapeutics, vaccines, etc., and for assisting clinicians in making treatment decisions.

The disclosure pertains to antibodies and binding fragments thereof that specifically binds all or part of EHAEVVFTA. Also provided are isolated peptides, isolated nucleic acids, immunogens, compositions, immunoassays and kits and method of using said reagents to detect misfolded TTR.

A method is disclosed for obtaining an antibody or antibody fragment to a conformational epitope specific for misfolded inactive human parathyroid hormone and fragments thereof. The method includes the steps of a) immunizing an animal with an immunogen which comprises oxidized parathyroid hormone or an oxidized fragment of parathyroid hormone, or both; and b) recovering an antibody, antibody fragments, or single chain antibody. The complementary determining region of the recovered antibody, antibody fragment or single chain antibody is capable of specifically recognizing a conformational epitope (antigenic determinant) which is present on oxidized parathyroid hormone and fragments thereof only but not regular bioactive human parathyroid hormone.

The present invention provides rapid screening methods, as well as related compositions and kits, for the detection of thyroid associated orbitopathy (TAO) by way of assessing the expression status of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) on the surface of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) taken from an individual being examined for possible TAO.

Provided are methods for determining the amount of thyroglobulin in a sample using various purification steps followed by mass spectrometry. The methods generally involve purifying thyroglobulin in a test sample, digesting thyroglobulin to form peptide T129, purifying peptide T129, ionizing peptide T129, detecting the amount of peptide T129 ion generated, and relating the amount of peptide T129 ion to the amount of thyroglobulin originally present in the sample.

The present invention includes a pharmaceutical composition, and methods of making and using, a pharmaceutical composition comprising one or more thyroid hormone(s) or analogs thereof, wherein a first portion of thyroid hormone(s) is formulated for immediate release and a second portion of thyroid hormone(s) is formulated of modified release, e.g., by forming a drug-resin particle with an ion exchange resin.

The invention provides methods of assessing the risk of secondary autoimmunity in a patient with a primary autoimmune disease (e.g., MS) following lymphocyte depleting therapy (e.g., anti-CD52 antibody therapy) based on the fraction of a novel cell type termed platelet lineage cells (PLCs) among total cells, and/or the Immature Platelet Fraction (IPF) value, in a biological sample from the patient.

The present invention provides a method of diagnosing the existence or risk of hyperthyroidism in a feline comprising measuring the level of expression of one or more biomarkers selected from the group consisting of, e.g., IYD, TG, SLC5A5, NIS, TPO, TSHR, DUOX1, DUOX2 (ThOX), TGFB1, CSTD, DCN and SEPP1 and the expression products thereof, in a biological sample from the feline, wherein elevated expression of the one or more biomarkers in the sample relative to a control value for expression in a sample from a normal feline or feline population, or a baseline value from the feline, indicates the existence or risk of hyperthyroidism; a method of treating a feline so diagnosed; and compositions, reagents and kits for carrying out the specified methods.

The present invention provides a method of diagnosing the existence or risk of hyperthyroidism in a feline comprising measuring the level of expression of one or more biomarkers selected from the group consisting of, e.g., IYD, TG, SLC5A5, NIS, TPO, TSHR, DUOX1, DUOX2 (ThOX), TGFB1, CSTD, DCN and SEPP1 and the expression products thereof, in a biological sample from the feline, wherein elevated expression of the one or more biomarkers in the sample relative to a control value for expression in a sample from a normal feline or feline population, or a baseline value from the feline, indicates the existence or risk of hyperthyroidism; a method of treating a feline so diagnosed; and compositions, reagents and kits for carrying out the specified methods.