A method for detecting gastrointestinal permeability in a subject comprises administering a solution comprising lactulose and galactose to the subject. A sample of blood is taken from the subject after administering the solution. A ratio of the concentration of lactulose to the concentration of galactose in the blood sample is an indicator of gastrointestinal permeability.

The present invention provides methods and systems to accurately detect and measure in a biological sample from a patient, endogenous antibodies, e.g., IgA, to inflammatory proteins, which antibodies are useful as diagnostic markers for inflammatory conditions, including bowel disease (IBD), in patients. Such methods and systems identify whether a sample from the patient is associated with an inflammatory condition, by using non-invasive means, thus conveniently providing information useful for guiding treatment decisions.

According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided an acetaldehyde-binding preparation for use in a method for improving the structure and physiological function of gastric mucosa among subjects with Helicobacter pylori-associated or autoimmune type atrophic gastritis, or with long-term use of PPIs.

Described herein is method of treating, ameliorating and/or preventing a wound in a subject in need thereof. The method includes: collecting a first sample from the wound at a first timepoint and determining a first CCL1 (chemokine ligand 1) level in the first sample; administering to the subject a first treatment that promotes wound healing; collecting a second sample from the wound at a second timepoint after the first timepoint and determining a second CCL1 level in the second sample; and (a) if the second CCL1 level is higher than the first CCL1 level times a predetermined value, continuing the administration of the first treatment or discontinuing the first treatment, (b) if the second CCL1 level is equal to or lower than the CCL1 level times the predetermined value, administering to the subject a second treatment that promotes wound healing.

The present invention relates to inhibitors of the interaction between H. pylori HopQ and a member of the carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule (CEACAM) family as well as to immunogenic compositions based on H. pylori HopQ. The present invention further relates to the use of the inhibitors and immunogenic compositions for preventing or treating a disease or disorder caused by or associated with H. pylori.