Disclosed herein are antibodies or antigen-binding fragments thereof and compositions comprising the same. Also disclosed are methods of detecting TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) in a biological sample, diagnosing a neurodegenerative disease in a subject, and selecting whether to enroll a subject in a clinical trial for frontotemporal lobar degeneration with TDP-43 inclusions (FTLD-TDP) using the antibodies or antigen-binding fragments thereof described herein. In addition, disclosed herein are immunoassay kits for selectively detecting TDP-43 in a biological sample.

The present invention relates to biomarkers and diagnostic and prognostic methods for Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders. The invention also provides compositions for detecting the biomarker as well as compositions and methods useful for treating Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders.

A method for detecting a neurodegenerative disease in a subject, the method including: measuring levels of two biomarkers including FABP3 and FABP5 in a biological sample from a subject.

The invention provides an antibody or antigen binding fragments thereof that binds to 3pE Aβ and methods of making and using the antibody or antigen binding fragment thereof, including use for formulations, administration and kits. The antibody and antigen binding fragments thereof and methods disclosed are useful for diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of Alzheimer's disease or other β-amyloid-related diseases.

Non-invasive method for diagnosing or prognosing Alzheimer's disease, frontotemporal dementia, or other dementia involving isolating astrocyte-derived exosomes (ADEs) and neuron-derived exosomes (NDEs) from a human biological sample (i.e., plasma, serum, urine or cerebrospinal fluid), analyzing cargo extracts of the ADEs and NDEs to detect at least one specified protein or microRNA biomarker, comparing the levels and activities of detected biomarker(s) to those in control samples to identify a statistically significant difference between the detected biomarker(s) and corresponding biomarker(s) in the control sample to determine presence of Alzheimer's disease, frontotemporal dementia, or other dementia; and testing effects of drugs on levels and activities of each biomarker, as well as effects of drugs administered to test subjects on levels and activities of each biomarker in ADEs and NDEs from subsequently obtained biological samples.

The present application relates to a non-human mammal model of a human neurodegenerative disorder, methods of producing the non-human mammal model, and methods of using the non-human mammal model to identify agents suitable for treating a neurodegenerative disorder. The present application also relates to methods of treating neurodegenerative disorders and restoring normal brain interstitial potassium levels.

Provided are methods for the detection or quantitation of amyloid beta. In a particular aspect, provided herein are methods for detecting amyloid beta or fragments thereof by mass spectrometry. In another aspect, provided herein are methods for determining the ratio of amyloid beta 42 (Aβ42) to amyloid beta 40 (Aβ40). In another aspect, provided herein are methods for diagnosis or prognosis of Alzheimer's disease or dementia.

The disclosure pertains to antibodies that specifically bind W68 in the context of DAGWGNL (SEQ ID NO: 1). Also provided are isolated peptides, isolated nucleic acids, immunogens, compositions, kits, and methods of using said reganents to detect misfolded TDP-43.

The present invention describes the use of the Chinese medicinal compounds ginsenoside RB1, dihydromyricetin and salvianohc acid B, for use in diagnosing, monitoring and treating synucleinopathies, such as Parkinson's disease, in patients.

In some aspects, the disclosure relates to compositions and methods useful for the diagnosis and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, such as leukodystrophies (e.g., Canavan Disease). In some embodiments, the methods comprise administering to a subject an N-acetylaspartate (NAA)-depleting agent or an N-acetylaspartate (NAA)-depleting agent based upon the subject's metabolic profile.