A detection system for determining lysyl oxidase-like 2 protein (LOXL2) levels in a bodily sample, includes at least one reaction solution for generating H.sub.2O.sub.2 upon combination with LOXL2 in the bodily sample, the reaction solution including lysine that can be oxidatively deaminated by LOXL2 to generate -aminoadipic--semialdehyde (allysine) and hydrogen peroxide (H.sub.2O.sub.2).

The present invention provides for the first time the identification of breastmilk exosomal biomarkers useful in diagnosing lactation insufficiency. The present invention therefore provides methods, kits and systems for diagnosing lactation insufficiency, by examining relevant proteins and RNA in exosomes isolated from a patient's breastmilk.

The present invention provides compositions, methods and kits for bacteria identification and anti-microbial susceptibility testing for the treatment of, for example, acute and chronic infections including infectious disease. The present invention is particularly useful in the identification of bacteria causing mastitis, and to antibiotic susceptibility testing to facilitate in the identification of an appropriate treatment for mastitis.

The object of the present invention is to provide an early mastitis detection method that can detect mastitis easily and quickly when compared to the prior methods and also a biomarker to be used with the method. The object can be solved by a method of examining a mammary gland disease by using the level of cyclophilin A in a mammary gland or in milk as indicator. More specifically, the object can be a method of examining a mammary gland disease comprising steps (1) and (2) listed below; (1) a step of detecting cyclophilin A in the milk collected from an udder or an udder quarter of a subject and thereby determining the cyclophilin A level in the milk; and (2) a step of determining the onset of a mammary gland disease or the possibility of onset of a mammary gland disease in the udder or the udder quarter of the subject on the basis of the cyclophilin A level in the milk.

An automated microscope apparatus, comprises an outer housing having an external wall; optionally but preferably an internal wall in said housing, and configured to form a first compartment and a separate second compartment in said outer housing; a microscope assembly in said housing, preferably in said first compartment; and a microprocessor in said housing, preferably in said second compartment; and optionally but preferably a heat sink mounted on said housing external wall, preferably adjacent said second compartment, with said microprocessor thermally coupled to said heat sink and operatively associated with said microscope assembly.

The present invention relates to extramammary Paget disease biomarkers, such as SPDEF, ARG2, and ABEP1, and uses thereof that were discovered by exploring the molecular profile as well as performing a comprehensive genetic analysis of EMPD. The present invention investigates how EMPD evolves in the context of treatment and may elucidate a potential mechanism of progression to invasion. Furthermore, the biomarkers of the present invention may be usefully used in the diagnosis or treatment of extramammary Paget disease in that the tissue microenvironments and cell types associated with EMPD may be further characterized using spatial transcriptomics.

The invention relates to methods of screening biological samples from a subject for the presence of one or more microorganisms, such as the presence in the subject of one or more pathogenic or potentially pathogenic microorganisms, and diagnostic kits and devices suitable for carrying out said methods. More particularly, the present invention relates to sensitive and specific methods for determining the presence of gram-negative bacteria or analytes therefrom in a sample from a subject using immunoassays, and devices and kits for carrying out such methods.

A method and system for early detection of Bovine Mastitis (BM) uses enhanced chemiluminescence (CL) to determine Haptoglobin (Hp) levels in highly diluted milk samples. The samples are placed in the wells of one or more bio-functionalized Hemoglobin (Hb) modified CL assay plates. Hp-Hb binding occurs in those samples containing Hp. After a first pre-determined time duration, the wells are treated with a CL solution containing luminol and peroxide, and a colloidal suspension of crosslinked nanoparticles. After a second pre-determined time duration, the CL intensity approaches a steady state value. A processor analyzes CL images provided by a camera in order to measure CL intensity and to determine an estimate of Hp level in each well, based on a pre-determined regression curve. The processor then forms a BM clinical diagnosis by combining the estimated HP levels from wells with different milk sample dilutions.

Provided herein are methods for identifying and treating a malignancy in a patient. Aspects of the described methods are performed through use of a computing device. The method comprises receiving at the computing device a plurality of spectra acquired from a corresponding plurality of aliquots containing a biophysiological carrier protein. At least one of a concentration of a spin probe and a concentration of a polar reagent varies between the aliquots. The computing device then determines biophysical parameters based on the received spectra and applies at least parts of the received spectra and the biophysical parameters as an input to a trained logistic regression model. The logistic regression model trained to determine a probability of applied input parameters relating to one or more of a plurality of predetermined diseases and/or disease localisations. The trained model is used to determine a probability of the input parameters relating to one or more of said predetermined diseases and/or disease localisations and outputs a result of the determination, which can be used to determine and then provide proper therapeutic treatments.