To address the need for scaffold-based oxygen concentration monitoring, a single-component, self-referenced oxygen sensor was made into nanofibers. Electrospinning process parameters were tuned to produce a biomaterial scaffold with specific morphological features. The ratio of an oxygen sensitive phosphorescence signal to an oxygen insensitive fluorescence signal was calculated at each image pixel to determine an oxygenation value. A single component boron dye-polymer conjugate was chosen for additional investigation due to improved resistance to degradation in aqueous media compared to a dye polymer blend. Standardization curves show that in fully supplemented media, the fibers are responsive to dissolved oxygen concentrations less than 15 parts per million. Spatial and temporal ratiometric gradients were observed in vitro radiating outward from the center of a dense adherent cell grouping. Sensor activation in ischemia and cell transplant models in vivo show oxygenation decreases on the scale of minutes.

The present disclosure relates generally to lipid oxygen, and blood lipoprotein oxygen in particular, as a new treatment target and as screen for developing new therapeutic treatments, which in turn can support and improve lipid oxygen level. The present disclosure further generally relates to dry chemistry-based assays for catalymetric measurement of oxygen in biological samples, in particular to point-of-care tests for catalymetric measurement of oxygen in biological samples.

The disclosure concerns a method for measuring and reporting vascularity in a biological tissue sample. The method generally includes: within a digital image of a tissue section, (i) identifying endothelial cells, lymphatic cells, or a combination thereof; (ii) mapping one or more proximity regions, each of the proximity regions defining an area between detected vessels and a first distance outwardly therefrom; and (iii) calculating one or more of: a vessel proximity score or a hypoxia score, wherein the vessel proximity score relates a composition of objects within the proximity regions, and wherein the hypoxia score relates a composition of tissue within or outside of the proximity regions, respectively.

The invention is in the field of medicine and molecular therapeutics. The invention provides means and measures for diagnosis and treatment, in particular for diagnosis and treatment of tumors, more in particular for determining the level of hypoxia in a tumor and for reducing the risk of metastasis of a tumor in a subject. The invention comprises a method wherein a level of exosome-associated GABARAPL1 is determined in a bodily fluid of the subject and wherein an elevated level of exosome-associated GABARAPL1 is indicative of an increased level of hypoxia of the tumor. The invention also comprises an antibody directed against GABARAPL1 for use in the treatment or prevention of cancer.

The present disclosure provides, among other things, methods and compositions for diagnosing and treating stress-induced injuries, hypoxia in particular. The present invention is based, in part, on the novel discovery that a metabolite, L-2-hydroxyglutarate, and certain enzymes and substrates regulating its metabolism, mediate stress-induced cellular mechanisms. In some embodiments, provided methods and compositions are used to diagnose and treat diseases with hypoxia-induced injuries. In some embodiments, provided methods and compositions are used to modulate cell pluripotency or differentiation in vivo or in vitro.

The present invention relates to a process for evaluating in vitro at least one active agent capable of preserving the functionality of epithelial stem cells, in particular of maintaining or stimulating the growth and/or the density and/or the renewal of a keratin material, consisting in determining the ability of the active agent(s) to mimic a hypoxic state in the keratin material, the active agent(s) being capable of increasing the expression of at least carbonic anhydrase IX as biological marker of hypoxia, in the keratin material treated with the active agent(s) compared with the keratin material not treated with the active agent(s). It also relates to the use of such a process.

The present invention relates to a method for monitoring, diagnosis and/or prognosis of hypoxia related disorders using NFAT5. The invention further comprises a diagnostic kit for determining the presence and/or level of NFAT5.

The present invention relates to a composition for detecting hydrogen sulfide or measuring a concentration of hydrogen sulfide, and a composition comprising same as an effective ingredient for diagnosing or imaging in vivo inflammation, tissues having hypoxic damage, or cancer. The composition for detecting hydrogen sulfide or measuring a concentration of hydrogen sulfide according to the present invention, which comprises the compound represented by formula 1 (.sup.99mTc-alpha-hydroxy acid) having alpha-hydroxy acid labeled with .sup.99mTc, enables the detection or concentration measurement of hydrogen sulfide in in-vitro and in-vivo levels and, as such, can be advantageously used for detecting hydrogen sulfide and measuring a concentration of hydrogen sulfide and furthermore for discovering biological roles of hydrogen sulfide in vivo, especially, for detecting, imaging, and quantitatively measuring hydrogen sulfide in a disease selected from the group consisting of angiogenesis, inflammation, cancer, Alzheimer's disease, cardiovascular ischemia, and cerebrovascular ischemia, or in hypoxic tissues.

A system includes an enclosed tent or chamber or a breathing apparatus, a hypoxia induction system and a device for measuring arterial oxygen saturation in a subject breathing air within the enclosed tent or chamber or from the breathing apparatus. The hypoxia induction system delivers oxygen-depleted air having between 5 to 20% O.sub.2 to the enclosed tent or chamber or breathing apparatus. The system adjusts the oxygen content of the oxygen-depleted air being delivered to the enclosed tent or chamber or the breathing apparatus based upon the arterial oxygen saturation measured by the device such that oxygen saturation in the subject is maintained within a range of 50% to 90%.

A system includes an enclosed tent or chamber or a breathing apparatus, a hypoxia induction system and a device for measuring arterial oxygen saturation in a subject breathing air within the enclosed tent or chamber or from the breathing apparatus. The hypoxia induction system delivers oxygen-depleted air having between 5 to 20% O.sub.2 to the enclosed tent or chamber or breathing apparatus. The system adjusts the oxygen content of the oxygen-depleted air being delivered to the enclosed tent or chamber or the breathing apparatus based upon the arterial oxygen saturation measured by the device such that oxygen saturation in the subject is maintained within a range of 50% to 90%.