A method for detecting an electrical fault in a current supply of a consumer, where a transition resistance of the current supply allocated to the consumer is determined from a local voltage value allocated to the consumer, a local current value allocated to the consumer, and a global voltage value, and compared to a resistance threshold value allocated to the consumer, and an electrical fault in the current supply of the consumer is detected as a function of the comparison result.

A smart zipper includes a zipper, a voltage generator, a voltage detector, and a processor. The zipper includes a first left tooth and a first right tooth. The first left tooth is electrically connected to a first left wire and is supplied with a supply voltage. The first right tooth is electrically connected to a first right wire. The voltage generator generates the supply voltage. The voltage detector detects the voltage of the first right wire to generate a first detection signal. The processor determines first coupling information about whether the first left tooth is electrically connected to the first right tooth, according to the first detection signal.

A comparator includes: a first selector for selecting one of a first reference voltage and a first correction reference voltage, based on a first determination value of data at a past time of a first adjacent channel; a first comparator for comparing the difference between a voltage selected from the first reference voltage and the first correction reference voltage and a second reference voltage with an input voltage at a current time of a target channel; and a first output unit for determining an output voltage at the current time of the target channel, based on the comparison result of the first comparator.

In a meter for performing a measurement of an electrical parameter, an output from a sensor is sampled to produce at least one sample, and an iterative method is performed comprising: producing further samples; holding in memory a stored array of samples comprising the at least one sample and each of the further samples from each iteration; determining a measure of statistical variability of a mean for the respective iteration from a measure of statistical variability and from the number of samples used to generate the measure of statistical variability; comparing the measure of statistical variability of the mean with a pre-determined threshold; and generating an electrical signal indicating a state of the measurement if the measure of statistical variability of the mean of the samples taken during the measurement is less than or equal to the pre-determined threshold.

A sensor such as an accelerometer includes a proof mass located opposite a plurality of electrodes located on a substrate. Some of the electrodes are auxiliary electrodes that apply an alternating current auxiliary signal to the proof mass while other electrodes are sense electrodes that sense movement of the proof mass. When a residual voltage is not present on the proof mass or on the sense electrodes, the forces imparted by the auxiliary signal onto the proof mass are substantially balanced. When the residual voltage is present on the proof masses, forces at a first harmonic frequency of the auxiliary signal are sensed by a sense electrode of the sensor. A self-test is failed if the sensed forces exceed a threshold.

In order to provide a voltage abnormality detection circuit and a semiconductor device which are capable of detecting a voltage abnormality in an internal power supply voltage of the semiconductor device with a simple circuit configuration, the voltage abnormality detection circuit includes: a reference voltage circuit configured to output a first reference voltage, which is higher than the internal power supply voltage, and a second reference voltage, which is lower than the internal power supply voltage; a first voltage detection circuit configured to detect that the internal power supply voltage has exceeded a desired voltage value, with the use of the first reference voltage; and a second voltage detection circuit configured to detect that the internal power supply voltage has dropped lower than the desired voltage value, with the use of the second reference voltage.

A current monitor circuit includes a sense resistor coupled to a direct current (DC) power supply to sense a current signal, an operational amplifier (op-amp) coupled to the sense resistor to sense a voltage developed across the sense resistor, and a low-pass filter coupled to the op-amp and an analog-to-digital converter (ADC). The low-pass filter reduces aliasing due to out-of-band signal content. The current monitor circuit is coupled to the ADC to provide real-time measurements of power supply load current as input to an active power management (APM) firmware.

An operational amplifier-based hysteresis comparator and a chip are provided. The hysteresis comparator includes: an input stage and an amplification stage. The input stage includes: a first input branch and a second input branch, where the first input branch generates a first current based on the first voltage, and the second input branch generates a second current based on the second voltage. The first current is connected with a first input terminal of the amplification stage, and the second current is connected with a second input terminal of the amplification stage. An output terminal of the amplification stage outputs a first level when the first current is greater than the second current, and outputs a second level when the first current is less than the second current. The present disclosure changes the hysteresis voltage generation mode, thereby reducing the instability caused by positive feedback.

A method of evaluating current sensor measurements of an electric machine system includes acquiring a first current signal corresponding to a first measurement of a first phase current of a three phase electric current supply to an electric machine, and acquiring a second current signal corresponding to a second measurement of a second phase current of the three phase electric current supply. The method also includes determining a machine velocity, shifting the first current signal by a signal processing component to generate a shifted first current signal having a shifted phase, the signal processing component including a tuning parameter that is a function of the machine velocity, calculating an amplitude difference between the shifted first current signal and the second current signal, and determining a plausibility of the first measurement and the second measurement based on the difference.

Circuitry for measuring a characteristic of an electrochemical cell, the circuitry comprising: a comparator having a first comparator input, a second comparator input and a comparator output; a feedback path between the comparator output and the second comparator input configured to provide a feedback signal to the second comparator input; and a loop filter configured to apply filtering to the feedback path to generate the feedback signal, wherein the loop filter comprises the electrochemical cell.