A gate driver IC includes a first diode, a second diode, a first comparator, a second comparator, and a judgement circuit. The first comparator compares a first potential difference between both ends of the first diode and a first threshold. The second comparator compares a second potential difference between both ends of the second diode and a second threshold. Based on comparison results of the first comparator and the second comparator, the judgement circuit determines occurrence of disconnection.

The invention relates to a novel approach for the protection of electrical circuits from ground faults and parallel and series arc faults in a fully solid-state circuit configuration. Solid-state circuits and methods of use are described that provide the key functions of low-voltage DC power supply, mains voltage and current sensing, fault detection processing and high voltage electronic switching.

The present disclosure relates to an interface comprising: a terminal for delivering a DC voltage; a comparator for delivering a first signal representative of a comparison of the DC voltage with a high threshold; a comparator for delivering a second signal representative of a comparison of the DC voltage with a low threshold; and a circuit configured to: deliver successive pairs of values of high and low thresholds for a time period after the DC voltage crosses a first value of the low threshold; modify successive pairs of values of the thresholds based on the first and second signals to determine values of thresholds surrounding the DC voltage; and determining a current value of the DC voltage based on the values of thresholds surrounding the DC voltage.

A sensor is provided with a magnetic detection element that can output an output voltage within a predetermined voltage range according to a magnetic field intensity, an output voltage fixing part that can fix a voltage value of the output voltage to a voltage value outside the voltage range, and a drive voltage output part that can output a drive voltage for driving the output voltage fixing part. The drive voltage fixing part outputs the drive voltage to the output voltage fixing part when the ambient temperature of the drive voltage output part exceeds a predetermined threshold, and when triggered by input of the drive voltage, the output voltage fixing part fixes the voltage value of the output voltage to a voltage value outside the voltage range.

A resonance voltage attenuation detection circuit detects attenuation of a resonance voltage of a winding of a transformer. The resonance voltage attenuation detection circuit includes a first voltage comparator circuit and a time-out circuit. The first voltage comparator circuit compares a voltage of the winding with a predetermined first voltage. The time-out circuit performs clocking operation in accordance with an output of the first voltage comparator circuit. The time-out circuit outputs an attenuation detection signal when the time-out circuit has clocked a preset period which is shorter than a time required for a peak voltage of the winding to be attenuated from the first voltage to a predetermined second voltage lower than the first voltage.

An arc detector for detecting arcs in an RF plasma system includes at least two inputs configured to connect to an RF source, at least one output configured to connect to a plasma load, and a 3 dB coupler connected to the at least two inputs and the at least one output. The arc detector further includes a measuring device configured to measure at least two physical quantities transmitted between the 3 dB coupler and the at least one output, a determinator configured to determine an evaluation quantity based on the at least two physical quantities, and a differentiator configured to differentiate the evaluation quantity. The arc detector additionally includes a comparator configured to compare the output quantity of the differentiator with a reference value indicative of an arc.

Circuitry for measuring a characteristic of an electrochemical cell, the circuitry comprising: a comparator having a first comparator input, a second comparator input and a comparator output; a feedback path between the comparator output and the second comparator input configured to provide a feedback signal to the second comparator input; and a loop filter configured to apply filtering to the feedback path to generate the feedback signal, wherein the loop filter comprises the electrochemical cell.

Disclosed is a test system including a transmitter, a receiver, a measuring circuit, and a control circuit. The transmitter is coupled to the receiver in a DC coupling manner, and includes: a signal input circuit determining an output signal according to an input signal; a current source coupled between the signal input circuit and a low power-supply terminal and configured to determine a total current passing through the signal input circuit in a non-open/short-circuited condition; and a signal output wire circuit outputting the output signal for a performance test. The receiver includes: an impedance circuit coupled to the signal output wire circuit; and a coupling circuit coupling the impedance circuit with a high power-supply terminal. The measuring circuit measures a target current/voltage between the high power-supply terminal and low power-supply terminal to generate a measurement result. The control circuit determines whether the transmitter/receiver is open/short-circuited according to the measurement result.

A system for an aircraft includes an aircraft component that includes a heater routed through the aircraft component, the heater including a resistive heating element and insulation surrounding the resistive heating element. A first current flows into the resistive heating element to provide heating for the aircraft component and a second current flows out of the resistive heating element. The system further includes a first sensor configured to produce a first sensor signal representing the first current, a second sensor configured to produce a second sensor signal representing the second current, a leakage sensor configured to produce a leakage sensor signal representing a leakage current, and a signal processor configured to sample and measure the first current, the second current, and a leakage current using a high frequency sampling rate to identify the presence of electric arcing. The detection of electric arcing is used to predict future heater failure and estimate heater remaining useful life.

An agricultural system includes a controller comprising a memory and a processor. The controller is configured to receive a sensor signal, determine a current flow based on the sensor signal, determine whether the current flow exceeds a current threshold for a time threshold, and operate a drive system of the agricultural system in an alternative operation instead of a normal operation in response to determining the current flow exceeds the current threshold for the time threshold.