A digital voltmeter, where a number of clock pulses for a first ramp voltage to reach an input voltage is determined. Next, a number of clock pulses for a second ramp voltage to reach the input voltage is determined. One of the first and the second ramp voltages having a least number of clock pulses to reach the input voltage is determined. A determination is made for a number of clock pulses for the determined one of the first and the second ramp voltages to reach a reference voltage. A digital code is generated for the input voltage based on the determined number of clock pulses for reaching the reference voltage and the determined least number of clock pulses for reaching the input voltage.

A terminal block for current measurement in a power grid. The terminal block includes a shunt and a temperature sensor, and is configured to be connected to an Intelligent Electronic Device IED and a primary device. Furthermore, a respective IED and a system for current measurement including the IED and the terminal block are disclosed as well as a method for calibration of the system and a method for current measurement in power grids. A voltage measurement unit in the IED is adapted to measure a voltage drop at the shunt; a current flowing through the shunt can be calculated from the temperature and from calibration data. The terminal block enables a particularly efficient calibration method.

Systems and methods are provided for measuring electrical parameters in an insulated conductor without requiring a galvanic connection. A non-contact, electrical parameter sensor probe may be operative to measure both current and voltage in an insulated conductor. The sensor probe includes a body, a Rogowski coil coupled to the body, and a non-contact voltage sensor coupled to the body or the Rogowski coil. The size of the loop of the Rogowski coil is selectively adjustable, such that the loop may be tightened around the conductor under test until the conductor is positioned adjacent a portion of the body or Rogowski coil that includes the non-contact voltage sensor. Measured electrical parameters may be provided to a user, e.g., via a display, or may be transmitted to one or more external systems via a suitable wired or wireless connection.

A circuit comprises: a sampling and holding circuit and a control circuit. The sampling and holding circuit is used for sampling the voltage of a voltage sampling point in a sampling stage and holding the sampling voltage of the sampling output end after the sampling stage is ended. The control circuit is used for controlling the sampling and holding circuit to enter the sampling stage when judging that the voltage of the voltage sampling point is in a sampling voltage segment according to the voltage of the voltage sampling point, and controlling the sampling stage of the sampling and holding circuit to be ended when judging that the voltage of the voltage sampling point is in a voltage inflection point according to the voltage of the voltage sampling point and the sampling voltage of the sampling output end.

The present disclosure relates to a battery current monitoring method, a controller and a circuit. The method is applied to a current monitoring circuit, the current monitoring circuit includes a hall sensor, a controller and a constant voltage source. The current monitoring method includes: acquiring, by the controller, an output voltage of the constant voltage source and a first analog-to-digital conversion value of the output voltage of the constant voltage source; determining an analog-to-digital conversion correction coefficient based on the output voltage of the constant voltage source and the first analog-to-digital conversion value; acquiring a second analog-to-digital conversion value of an output voltage of the hall sensor and a third analog-to-digital conversion value of a supply voltage of the hall sensor; and determining the battery current based on the analog-to-digital conversion correction coefficient, the second analog-to-digital conversion value and the third analog-to-digital conversion value.

Disclosed is a high voltage signal and low voltage signal sampling and transmission system based on a high voltage MCU, including a sampling unit, a high voltage processing unit, a communication unit and a low voltage processing unit. The sampling unit includes a bus voltage sampling module, a phase voltage detection module and an IGBT temperature detection module. The high voltage processing unit adopts the high voltage MCU, and the high voltage MCU is configured to perform state monitoring and analog-to-digital conversion on the three-way analog detection signals, and output a digital signal to the communication unit; the communication unit adopts an isolated communication unit to transmit the three-way digital signal converted by the high voltage MCU to the low voltage processing unit; the low voltage processing unit adopts a low voltage MCU to realize sampling and communication of high and low voltage sampling signals.

An apparatus having a conducting probe configured to couple with an electrical conductor of an electrical terminal. The apparatus has a sensor in contact with the conducting probe. The apparatus has a controller electrically coupled to the sensor, where the controller is configured to monitor the sensor values, and when the sensor values comply with a monitoring rule associated with a hazardous condition, the controller is configured to initiate an action to mitigate the hazardous condition.

A method for estimating a fundamental component of an AC voltage includes receiving a timely varying measurement signal of the AC voltage; parametrizing a fundamental component of the AC voltage; and determining parameters of the fundamental component based on minimizing a cost function. The fundamental component has a rated frequency, a variable amplitude and a variable phase shift. The cost function is based on an integral of a norm of a difference between the measurement signal and the parametrized fundamental component via a time horizon. The time horizon starts at an actual time point and goes back via a predefined length. The cost function includes a term based on a norm of the difference between a value of the fundamental component at the actual time point and a value of a previously estimated fundamental component at the actual time point, where the previously estimated fundamental component has been determined for a previous time point.

The present invention relates to integrated circuits. More specifically, embodiments of the present invention provide methods and systems for determining temperatures of an integrated circuit using an one-point calibration technique, where temperature is determined by a single temperature measurement and calculation using known electrical characteristics of the integrated circuit.

A voltage detection circuit for a charge pump is disclosed. The voltage detection circuit includes a sampling circuit and a latch circuit. The sampling circuit is configured to sample a supply voltage and provide the latch circuit with a sampled voltage. The latch circuit is configured to detect the sampled voltage and latch a result of the detection. And the latch circuit is connected to a voltage regulation circuit which is configured to regulate a charge-pump cascade structure in the charge pump based on the result of the detection so as to maintain an output voltage of the charge pump stable.