Accurately measuring bio-impedance is important for sensing properties of the body. Unfortunately, contact impedances can significantly degrade the accuracy of bio-impedance measurements. To address this issue, circuitry for implementing a four-wire impedance measurement can be configured to make multiple current measurements. The multiple current measurements set up a system of equations to allow the unknown bio-impedance and contact impedances to be derived. The result is an accurate bio-impedance measurement that is not negatively impacted by large contact impedances. Moreover, bad contacts with undesirably large impedances can be identified.

The present invention relates to a method of establishing specific electrode positions by providing a multi-point probe and a test sample. The method comprises the measuring or determining of a distance between two of the electrodes of the multi-point probe and establishing a resistance model representative of the test sample. The method further comprises the performing of at least three different sheet resistance measurements and establishing for each of the different sheet resistance measurement a corresponding predicted sheet resistance based on the resistance model. Thereafter the method comprises the establishment of a set of differences constituting the difference between each of the predicted sheet resistance and its corresponding measured sheet resistance, and deriving the specific electrode positions of the multi-point probe on the surface of the test sample by using the distance and performing a data fit by minimizing an error function constituting the sum of the set of differences.

The present invention relates to a method of establishing specific electrode positions by providing a multi-point probe and a test sample. The method comprises the measuring or determining of a distance between two of the electrodes of the multi-point probe and establishing a resistance model representative of the test sample. The method further comprises the performing of at least three different sheet resistance measurements and establishing for each of the different sheet resistance measurement a corresponding predicted sheet resistance based on the resistance model. Thereafter the method comprises the establishment of a set of differences constituting the difference between each of the predicted sheet resistance and its corresponding measured sheet resistance, and deriving the specific electrode positions of the multi-point probe on the surface of the test sample by using the distance and performing a data fit by minimizing an error function constituting the sum of the set of differences.

A safety device for monitoring a technical installation with a pressure-sensitive sensor. The pressure sensitive sensor having a plurality of first and second electrodes, wherein each first electrode overlaps each second electrode in an associated coupling site. Furthermore, each first electrode is spaced apart from the associated second electrode in the associated coupling site by a pressure sensitive material. Upon application of a force at the coupling site, an electrical resistance between the associated first and second electrode changes. A measuring circuitry coupled to said plurality of first and second electrodes successively determines the electrical resistance at associated coupling sites. For determining the electrical resistance at a coupling site via the associated first and second electrode, the measuring circuitry connects the further first and second electrodes to a terminal for receiving a defined potential to enable isolated measurement of the electrical resistance at the coupling site.

A safety device for monitoring a technical installation with a pressure-sensitive sensor. The pressure sensitive sensor having a plurality of first and second electrodes, wherein each first electrode overlaps each second electrode in an associated coupling site. Furthermore, each first electrode is spaced apart from the associated second electrode in the associated coupling site by a pressure sensitive material. Upon application of a force at the coupling site, an electrical resistance between the associated first and second electrode changes. A measuring circuitry coupled to said plurality of first and second electrodes successively determines the electrical resistance at associated coupling sites. For determining the electrical resistance at a coupling site via the associated first and second electrode, the measuring circuitry connects the further first and second electrodes to a terminal for receiving a defined potential to enable isolated measurement of the electrical resistance at the coupling site.

In order to be able to arrange a master module (M), slave modules (S), and conventional plug modules (K) in a freely configurable manner in a modular plug system, a modular frame (22) is provided with a circuit board (1) which includes at least one continuous conductor path and preferably more than one connection pad.

In order to be able to arrange a master module (M), slave modules (S), and conventional plug modules (K) in a freely configurable manner in a modular plug system, a modular frame (22) is provided with a circuit board (1) which includes at least one continuous conductor path and preferably more than one connection pad.

A processing system includes sensor circuitry and processing circuitry. The sensor circuitry is configured to, using the sensor electrodes, obtain capacitive measurements of a sensing region, and obtain a resistance measurement of the sensing region. The processing circuitry is coupled to the sensor circuitry. The processing circuitry is configured to determine a location of an input object using the capacitive measurements of the sensing region; and determine a force value based on the resistance measurement and the location of the input object. Determining the force value mitigates a temperature variation of the sensing region affecting the resistance measurement. The processing circuitry is further configured to report the force value.

A processing system includes sensor circuitry and processing circuitry. The sensor circuitry is configured to, using the sensor electrodes, obtain capacitive measurements of a sensing region, and obtain a resistance measurement of the sensing region. The processing circuitry is coupled to the sensor circuitry. The processing circuitry is configured to determine a location of an input object using the capacitive measurements of the sensing region; and determine a force value based on the resistance measurement and the location of the input object. Determining the force value mitigates a temperature variation of the sensing region affecting the resistance measurement. The processing circuitry is further configured to report the force value.

An insulation detection method includes: a first and second equivalent resistances are calculated; the less one of the first and second equivalent resistances is taken as a first insulation resistance, which is an insulation resistance of the high voltage circuit on the side where the battery pack locates relative to the reference potential terminal; when the first insulation resistance is normal, the switch unit is closed, and a second insulation resistance is calculated according to the first and second equivalent resistances, voltages of a first and second sampling point when the switch unit is closed; the second insulation resistance is an insulation resistance of the high voltage circuit on the side where the load locates relative to the reference potential terminal; the insulation state of the high voltage circuit on the side where the load locates is determined according to the second insulation resistance.