A device for simulating a battery condition includes a plurality of electrically conductive plates, the plurality of electrically conductive plates including a set of opposing plates having a first plate and a second plate. The device also includes an electrically conductive material extending between the first plate and the second plate, the electrically conductive material in electrical contact with the first plate and the second plate and defining at least part of an electrical path from the first plate to the second plate, the electrically conductive material having a resistance selected to simulate the battery condition in response to activating the device.

A method for calculating a cell state includes: acquiring a first knee-point voltage threshold of a cell, a first knee-point electricity corresponding to the first knee-point voltage threshold, a second knee-point voltage threshold of the cell and a second knee-point electricity corresponding to the second knee-point voltage threshold; recording a first charging curve of the cell in real time; obtaining a target knee point according to the first charging curve, the first knee-point voltage threshold, and the second knee-point voltage threshold, and obtaining a target-knee-point electricity according to the first knee-point electricity or the second knee-point electricity; detecting the electricity of the cell until the charging is completed, and obtaining a charged electricity of the cell from the target knee point to the completion of charging; and obtaining the capacity of the cell according to the target-knee-point electricity and the charged electricity.

Parameters P(n0,n1,n2) of a rechargeable battery model at each of different temperatures T(n1) at each of different degradation degrees D(n2) are determined. The values of the parameters P(n0,n1,n2) of the rechargeable battery model are identified based on a measurement result of a complex impedance Z of a rechargeable battery 220. The rechargeable battery model expresses an impedance of an internal resistance of the rechargeable battery 220 with transfer functions representing the IIR and FIR systems, respectively. Further, a voltage command value Vcmd(t) in the case where a current command value Icmd(t) is input to a rechargeable battery model corresponding to the identifier id(m0), temperature T(m1), and degradation degree D(m2) of the virtual rechargeable battery to be simulated by a simulation battery 20 is calculated, and a voltage V(t) according thereto is applied to the designated apparatus 200 or its load by the simulation battery 20.

Parameters P(n0,n1,n2) of a rechargeable battery model at each of different temperatures T(n1) at each of different degradation degrees D(n2) are determined. The values of the parameters P(n0,n1,n2) of the rechargeable battery model are identified based on a measurement result of a complex impedance Z of a rechargeable battery 220. The rechargeable battery model expresses an impedance of an internal resistance of the rechargeable battery 220 with transfer functions representing the IIR and FIR systems, respectively. Further, a voltage command value Vcmd(t) in the case where a current command value Icmd(t) is input to a rechargeable battery model corresponding to the identifier id(m0), temperature T(m1), and degradation degree D(m2) of the virtual rechargeable battery to be simulated by a simulation battery 20 is calculated, and a voltage V(t) according thereto is applied to the designated apparatus 200 or its load by the simulation battery 20.

A state estimation method for an energy storage device includes: acquiring, by a first method, a first probability distribution that expresses the state of the energy storage device 61 in the form of a probability distribution; acquiring, by a second method, a second probability distribution that expresses the state of the energy storage device in the form of a probability distribution; and estimating the state of the energy storage device on the basis of the first probability distribution and the second probability distribution.

A state estimation method for an energy storage device includes: acquiring, by a first method, a first probability distribution that expresses the state of the energy storage device 61 in the form of a probability distribution; acquiring, by a second method, a second probability distribution that expresses the state of the energy storage device in the form of a probability distribution; and estimating the state of the energy storage device on the basis of the first probability distribution and the second probability distribution.

The embodiments of the present application disclose a method, apparatus and medium for estimating a battery remaining life and relates to the field of battery power. The method includes: acquiring a material aging parameter of a battery representing an aging degree of a material of the battery; and determining, based on a preset corresponding relationship between the material aging parameter and the battery remaining life, the battery remaining life corresponding to the material aging parameter.

A method of evaluating a power storage device includes at least [a] to [f] below. [a] A power storage device is prepared. [b] A charge level of the power storage device is adjusted to produce a first potential difference between a positive electrode and a negative electrode. [c] The positive electrode or the negative electrode is selected as a reference electrode. [d] After the charge level is adjusted, an operation to insert a conductive rod-shaped member into a stack portion along a direction of stack of the positive electrode and the negative electrode is performed while a second potential difference between the reference electrode and the rod-shaped member is measured. [e] The rod-shaped member is stopped. [f] The power storage device is evaluated based on a state of the power storage device after the rod-shaped member is stopped.

In accordance with at least selected embodiments, the present disclosure or invention is directed to novel or improved testing apparatus for testing lead acid batteries and/or their components, and/or the efficacy of their components, testing tables, testing systems, and/or related methods. In accordance with at least certain embodiments, the present disclosure or invention is directed to novel or improved methods for testing lead acid batteries and/or their components, and/or the efficacy of their components. In accordance with at least certain selected embodiments, the present disclosure or invention is directed to novel or improved systems for testing lead acid batteries and/or their components, and/or the efficacy of their components. In accordance with at least particular selected embodiments, the present disclosure or invention is directed to novel or improved apparatus and methods for testing a lead acid battery or batteries whereby the battery or batteries are subjected to motion typical of that experienced by the battery or batteries in use or in the field.

In accordance with at least selected embodiments, the present disclosure or invention is directed to novel or improved testing apparatus for testing lead acid batteries and/or their components, and/or the efficacy of their components, testing tables, testing systems, and/or related methods. In accordance with at least certain embodiments, the present disclosure or invention is directed to novel or improved methods for testing lead acid batteries and/or their components, and/or the efficacy of their components. In accordance with at least certain selected embodiments, the present disclosure or invention is directed to novel or improved systems for testing lead acid batteries and/or their components, and/or the efficacy of their components. In accordance with at least particular selected embodiments, the present disclosure or invention is directed to novel or improved apparatus and methods for testing a lead acid battery or batteries whereby the battery or batteries are subjected to motion typical of that experienced by the battery or batteries in use or in the field.