An apparatus for balancing charge of a battery in a battery pack includes a plurality of power supplies configured to be selectively coupled to the battery and a plurality of electrical loads configured to be electrically coupled to the battery. Test circuitry is configured to measure an amount of charge of the battery. Control circuitry selectively controls a voltage applied to the battery by the plurality of power supplies and a load applied to the battery by the plurality of electrical loads based upon a measured amount of charge of the battery.

A method and apparatus for repairing or testing a used battery pack from an electric vehicle includes optionally removing the battery pack from the vehicle. Batteries within the pack are balanced such that they have similar states of charge.

The present invention includes a battery pack maintenance device for performing maintenance on battery packs of hybrid and/or electrical vehicles (referred herein generally as electric vehicles). In various embodiments, the device includes one or more loads for connecting to a battery pack for use in discharging the battery pack, and/or charging circuitry for use in charging the battery pack. Input/output circuitry can be provided for communicating with circuitry of in the battery pack and/or circuitry of the vehicle.

A method of screening a lithium ion battery is provided. A number of lithium ion batteries are galvanostatically discharged to a discharge cutoff voltage V.sub.0 at a first constant current I.sub.1. The number of lithium ion batteries are rested for a first rest time T.sub.1. The number of lithium ion batteries are galvanostatically charged to a charge cutoff voltage V.sub.1 at a second constant current I.sub.2. The number of lithium ion batteries are rested for a second rest time T.sub.2, and the batteries are screened based on a self-discharge of the plurality of lithium ion batteries.

A method for screening a lithium ion battery is provided. A number of lithium ion batteries are galvanostatically discharged a to an inflection point voltage at an inflection point of a discharge curve at a first constant current I.sub.1. The number of lithium ion batteries are rested for a first rest time T.sub.1 to raise an open circuit voltage of the number of lithium ion batteries to U.sub.1. U.sub.1 is greater than the inflection point voltage. The number of lithium ion batteries are galvanostatically discharged to the inflection point voltage at a second constant current I.sub.2, in which I.sub.2<<I.sub.1. The number of lithium ion batteries are rested for a second rest time T.sub.2 and the batteries are screened based on a self-discharge of the number of lithium ion batteries.

The prevent invention relates a method and apparatus based on neural network for pre-diagnosing defect and fire in battery cell. A method based on neural network for pre-diagnosing defect and fire in battery cell in an apparatus for pre-diagnosing defect and fire in battery cell is proposed, the method including collecting, by the battery cell defect and fire pre-diagnosis apparatus, data including at least one of chemical composition, current, voltage, and temperature data measured for each predetermined time interval within each charge and discharge cycle while charging and discharging a plurality of batteries; training, by the battery to cell defect and fire pre-diagnosis apparatus, the neural network by inputting the collected data to the neural network; and predicting, by the battery cell defect and fire pre-diagnosis apparatus, a battery deviated from a main cluster of the neural network as defective.

The prevent invention relates a method and apparatus based on neural network for pre-diagnosing defect and fire in battery cell. A method based on neural network for pre-diagnosing defect and fire in battery cell in an apparatus for pre-diagnosing defect and fire in battery cell is proposed, the method including collecting, by the battery cell defect and fire pre-diagnosis apparatus, data including at least one of chemical composition, current, voltage, and temperature data measured for each predetermined time interval within each charge and discharge cycle while charging and discharging a plurality of batteries; training, by the battery to cell defect and fire pre-diagnosis apparatus, the neural network by inputting the collected data to the neural network; and predicting, by the battery cell defect and fire pre-diagnosis apparatus, a battery deviated from a main cluster of the neural network as defective.

The present subject matter relates to a battery module for use in a vehicle. The battery module may include a housing, a plurality of battery cells disposed within the housing, and solid state pre-charge control circuitry that pre-charges a direct current (DC) bus that may be coupled between the battery module and an electronic component of the vehicle. Furthermore, the solid state pre-charge control circuitry may include solid state electronic components as well as passive electronic components.

An insulation resistance detection circuit, detection method, and detection apparatus are provided. The circuit includes an alternating-current signal source, a resonant cavity, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a first switch, and a second switch. The alternating-current signal source is sequentially connected to the first resistor, the resonant cavity, the first switch, the second resistor, and the third resistor in series to form a loop. The first resistor is connected to a positive electrode of the alternating-current signal source, and the third resistor is connected to a negative electrode of the alternating-current signal source. One end of the second switch is connected to a negative electrode of a to-be-detected battery, the other end of the second switch is connected to the fourth resistor, and the other end of the fourth resistor is connected to ground.

An insulation resistance detection circuit, detection method, and detection apparatus are provided. The circuit includes an alternating-current signal source, a resonant cavity, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a first switch, and a second switch. The alternating-current signal source is sequentially connected to the first resistor, the resonant cavity, the first switch, the second resistor, and the third resistor in series to form a loop. The first resistor is connected to a positive electrode of the alternating-current signal source, and the third resistor is connected to a negative electrode of the alternating-current signal source. One end of the second switch is connected to a negative electrode of a to-be-detected battery, the other end of the second switch is connected to the fourth resistor, and the other end of the fourth resistor is connected to ground.

Disclosed herein is a method for estimating a power of a fuel cell. The method includes estimating a predictive current at a predetermined voltage in a controller, based on a present current-voltage characteristic of the fuel cell while the temperature of the fuel cell is being raised, estimating a first power, based on the estimated predictive current and the predetermined voltage, after the step of estimating the predictive current, estimating a second power based on a cell voltage rate while estimating the first power, and calculating an available power of the fuel cell, based on the first power and the second power, after the step of estimating the first power and the step of estimating the second power are performed.

The present invention relates to a device and method which can measure, in real time, the resistance, depending on pressure changes, of a separator that is immersed in an electrolyte, and enables analysis of the resistance properties of a separator reflecting the real operating state of a secondary battery.