A detection circuit includes an open circuit detection branch and a current detection branch. The open circuit detection branch includes a comparator and a digital logic branch. A positive input terminal of the comparator is connected to one end of the sampling resistor adjacent to the stimulation source, a negative input terminal of the comparator is connected to one end of the sampling resistor facing away from the stimulation source, and an output terminal of the comparator is connected to the digital logic branch. The current detection branch includes an amplifier and a first switch. A negative input terminal of the amplifier is connected to the one end of the sampling resistor facing away from the stimulation source, an output terminal of the amplifier is connected to a control terminal of the first switch.

A detection circuit includes an open circuit detection branch and a current detection branch. The open circuit detection branch includes a comparator and a digital logic branch. A positive input terminal of the comparator is connected to one end of the sampling resistor adjacent to the stimulation source, a negative input terminal of the comparator is connected to one end of the sampling resistor facing away from the stimulation source, and an output terminal of the comparator is connected to the digital logic branch. The current detection branch includes an amplifier and a first switch. A negative input terminal of the amplifier is connected to the one end of the sampling resistor facing away from the stimulation source, an output terminal of the amplifier is connected to a control terminal of the first switch.

A monitoring device for monitoring an impedance of a protective conductor. The monitoring device has a first voltage divider for connection to a voltage source including a series connection to a first resistor and a second resistor. The second resistor has a resistance value which corresponds to a threshold value for the impedance of the protective conductor. A second voltage divider includes a series connection to a third resistor and a bridge diode and a connection to the first resistor at a first end of the third resistor and connectable to a second end of the third resistor and to the protective conductor. A measuring device is provided for the detection of a bridge voltage between a first node and a second node if the impedance of the protective conductor is greater than the value of the second resistor.

A monitoring device for monitoring an impedance of a protective conductor. The monitoring device has a first voltage divider for connection to a voltage source including a series connection to a first resistor and a second resistor. The second resistor has a resistance value which corresponds to a threshold value for the impedance of the protective conductor. A second voltage divider includes a series connection to a third resistor and a bridge diode and a connection to the first resistor at a first end of the third resistor and connectable to a second end of the third resistor and to the protective conductor. A measuring device is provided for the detection of a bridge voltage between a first node and a second node if the impedance of the protective conductor is greater than the value of the second resistor.

Systems, methods, and computer-readable media are disclosed for high-speed falling conductor protection in electric distribution systems. An example method may include calculating, by a processor, at a first time, and for each phase, one or more first impedance values associated with one or more terminals of a transmission line. The example method may also include calculating, by the processor, at a second time, and for each phase, one or more second impedance values associated with the one or more terminals. The example method may also include determining, by the processor, that a rate of change of an impedance of the one or more terminals is greater than a threshold rate of change. The example method may also include determining, by the processor and based on the determination that the rate of change of the one or more terminals is greater than the threshold rate of change, that the transmission line has broken. The example method may also include sending, by the processor and based on the determination that the transmission line has broken, a signal to de-energize the transmission line before a broken conductor reaches a ground surface.

A vehicle includes first and second power supply cords. Positive and negative electrodes of a battery are connected to a first power supply portion and a first ground portion of a first circuit, respectively, by the first power supply cord, and connected to a second power supply portion and a second ground portion of the second circuit, respectively, by the second power supply cord. The first circuit includes a control circuit configured to measure voltages of the second power supply portion as a first voltage and as a second voltage with reference to a potential of the first ground portion and a potential of the second ground portion, respectively. In a case in which the first and second voltages have a predetermined relationship, power supplied from the second power supply cord to the second circuit is set to be a predetermined value or less.

A voltage detection circuit includes a first terminal for connecting to one end of a first voltage detection line through a first resistor, the first voltage detection line having another end connected to a cathode or an anode of a first individual battery; a second terminal for connecting to the one end of the first voltage detection line without the first resistor; a first current generating circuit connected to the first terminal; and a voltage detector which detects a voltage of the first terminal and a voltage of the second terminal. The voltage detector includes at least one first AD converter connected to the first terminal, and at least one second AD converter connected to the second terminal.

Apparatus and associated methods relate to determining health of an electrical heater of an air data probe based on a comparison between a calculated expected value and a measured value of an electrical property of the electrical heater. The expected value of the electrical property is calculated based in part on the electrical power provided to the electrical heater and further based in part on the aircraft flight parameters and/or environmental conditions. Such aircraft flight parameters and/or environmental conditions can include at least one of: electric power source status, airspeed, air pressure, altitude, air temperature, humidity, liquid water content, ice water content, droplet/particle size distribution, angle of attack, and angle of sideslip. These aircraft flight parameters and/or environmental conditions are received via an aircraft interface.

The present disclosure provides a high-voltage interlock system and a detection method thereof. The high-voltage interlock system includes a target control device and at least one non-target control device connected in sequence. The target control device includes a detection unit, a current generation controller, a current generator, and a second high-voltage component. A controller in the target control device generates a pulse drive signal for driving the current generation controller, receives a detection result signal output from a current detector, and determines a fault of a high-voltage interlock circuit according to the detection result signal; the current generation controller generates an alternating voltage signal according to the pulse drive signal; the current generator outputs an alternating current signal according to the alternating voltage signal; the current detector acquires a voltage signal across a detection resistor set and outputs the detection result signal.

The present disclosure provides a high-voltage interlock system and a detection method thereof. The high-voltage interlock system includes a target control device and at least one non-target control device connected in sequence. The target control device includes a detection unit, a current generation controller, a current generator, and a second high-voltage component. A controller in the target control device generates a pulse drive signal for driving the current generation controller, receives a detection result signal output from a current detector, and determines a fault of a high-voltage interlock circuit according to the detection result signal; the current generation controller generates an alternating voltage signal according to the pulse drive signal; the current generator outputs an alternating current signal according to the alternating voltage signal; the current detector acquires a voltage signal across a detection resistor set and outputs the detection result signal.