A device includes: a substrate; a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) including a superconductor trace arranged on an upper surface of the substrate and having at least one Josephson junction interrupting a path of the superconductor trace, in which the superconductor trace includes a first superconductor material that exhibits superconducting properties at or below a corresponding superconducting critical temperature; and a dielectric capping layer on an upper surface of the SQUID, in which the dielectric capping layer covers a majority of the superconductor trace of the SQUID, and the capping layer includes an opening through which a first region of the SQUID is exposed, the first region of the SQUID including a first Josephson junction.

A magnetic-field measuring apparatus includes a SQUID; and flux-locked loop circuitry including first circuitry that includes an amplifier connected to an output of the SQUID, and second circuitry connected to the first circuitry. The first circuitry is along an inner surface or an outer surface of a shielding material that separates an inside of a magnetically shielded room from an outside of the magnetically shielded room, the magnetically shielded room including the SQUID. The second circuitry is in the outside of the magnetically shielded room.

A system for determining a stuck point of a pipe positioned within a wellbore includes a tubular housing and a sensor array positioned within the tubular housing. The system also includes ferromagnetic flux collectors and flux concentrators on either side of the sensor array. The flux collectors collect a magnetic flux that has been written to a portion of pipe. The flux concentrators intensify the flux to improve measurements of the flux that are acquired by the sensor array.

A system and method for high-speed, low-power cryogenic computing are presented, comprising ultrafast energy-efficient RSFQ superconducting computing circuits, and hybrid magnetic/superconducting memory arrays and interface circuits, operating together in the same cryogenic environment. An arithmetic logic unit and register file with an ultrafast asynchronous wave-pipelined datapath is also provided. The superconducting circuits may comprise inductive elements fabricated using both a high-inductance layer and a low-inductance layer. The memory cells may comprise superconducting tunnel junctions that incorporate magnetic layers. Alternatively, the memory cells may comprise superconducting spin transfer magnetic devices (such as orthogonal spin transfer and spin-Hall effect devices). Together, these technologies may enable the production of an advanced superconducting computer that operates at clock speeds up to 100 GHz.

A disclosed radiation source position estimation system includes a first position information specifier configured to specify position information of one or more elements included in a position measuring member; an imager configured to acquire images of the one or more elements formed by radiation emitted from a radiation source; and a second position information specifier configured to specify position information of the radiation source, based on the first position information specified by the first position information specifier and the images acquired by the imager.

A disclosed radiation source position estimation system includes a first position information specifier configured to specify position information of one or more elements included in a position measuring member; an imager configured to acquire images of the one or more elements formed by radiation emitted from a radiation source; and a second position information specifier configured to specify position information of the radiation source, based on the first position information specified by the first position information specifier and the images acquired by the imager.

A qubit device may include a closed loop comprising one or more polycrystalline spin-triplet superconductors. The closed loop may maintain a half-quantum magnetic flux in a ground state. A qubit device may include a closed loop comprising one or more single crystalline spin-triplet superconductors connected by one or more s-wave superconductors. The closed loop may maintain a half-quantum magnetic flux in a ground state.

Motor vehicles use biomagnetic sensors to determine global position by detecting Earth's geomagnetic field. Magnetosensitive bioparticles, such as magnetotactic bacteria or organelles from a magnetoreceptive eukaryotic species, are dispersed in a gel medium. The magnetosensitive bioparticles generate a local magnetic moment that changes in response to fluctuations in the immediate geomagnetic field vector, the latter of which is dependent on global position. An integrated circuit, such as an array of superconducting quantum detects changes in the local magnetic moment, and a controller thereby determines the ambient geomagnetic field vector. The controller accesses a database having a correlation of geomagnetic field vector and geolocation.

A magnetic field measuring apparatus includes a digital FLL circuit including ADC that converts a periodically changing voltage output from a SQUID according to a change in a magnetic field into a digital value, a digital integrator that integrates the digital value output from the ADC, a DAC that converts an integrated value output from the digital integrator into a voltage, a converter that converts the voltage output from the DAC into a current, and a coil that generates the magnetic field received by the SQUID, based on the current output from the converter. A calculating device calculates a digital value indicating a flux quantum based on the digital value output from the ADC when the ADC converts the periodically changing voltage output from the SQUID upon receiving the magnetic field generated by a current that is obtained by converting a voltage generated by a voltage generator.

A magnetic field measuring apparatus includes a digital FLL circuit. The digital FLL circuit includes a first amplifier configured to amplify voltage output by a superconducting quantum interference device in accordance with strength of a magnetic field strength, an AD converter configured to, convert analog signals to first digital values, an integrator configured to integrate the first digital values output by the AD converter, a DA converter configured to receive an integral value output by the integrator as a second digital value, convert the second digital value to voltage, and output the converted voltage, a signal switcher configured to connect an output of the first amplifier or an output of the DA converter to an input of the AD converter, and a storage unit configured to store a correction value that corrects the integral value received by the DA converter.