A magnetic sensor 1 includes a plurality of sensitive elements 31 made of a soft magnetic material. The sensitive elements 31 have a longitudinal direction and a transverse direction and have a uniaxial magnetic anisotropy in a direction intersecting the longitudinal direction. The sensitive elements 31 are configured to sense a magnetic field by a magnetic impedance effect. The sensitive elements 31 are arranged with a gap in between in the transverse direction. The magnetic sensor 1 includes a connecting portion 32 configured to connect longitudinal ends of transversely adjacent ones of the sensitive elements 31. The connecting portion 32 has a width in the transverse direction that narrows as the connecting portion 32 approaches the ones of the sensitive elements 31 along the longitudinal direction.

A method of aligning a wafer for semiconductor fabrication processes may include applying a magnetic field to a wafer, detecting one or more residual magnetic fields from one or more alignment markers within the wafer, responsive to the detected one or more residual magnetic fields, determining locations of the one or more alignment markers. The marker locations may be determined relative to an ideal grid, followed by determining a geometrical transformation model for aligning the wafer, and aligning the wafer responsive to the geometrical transformation model. Related methods and systems are also disclosed.

Embodiments herein are directed to a system and a method of selectively manipulating magnetically-barcoded materials from background magnetic materials. Magnetic barcodes include layers of magnetic anisotropy. These are then manipulated by a magnetic system that can drive spatio-temporal magnetic fields that can “match” a barcode to drive a specific interaction, thereby providing a “lock-key” interaction. This technique is able to selectively manipulate magnetically-barcoded materials, and can have applications across a variety of magnetic systems such as cell separation, drug delivery, valves, and motors.

A magnetic sensor includes: a non-magnetic substrate; and a sensitive element 31 having a longitudinal direction and a short direction, provided with uniaxial magnetic anisotropy in a direction crossing the longitudinal direction, and sensing a magnetic field by a magnetic impedance effect, wherein the sensitive element 31 includes plural soft magnetic material layers 105a to 105d and plural non-magnetic material layers 106a to 106c configured with a non-magnetic material and laminated between the plural soft magnetic material layers 105a to 105d, and the soft magnetic material layers 105a to 105d facing each other with each of the non-magnetic material layers 106a to 106c interposed therebetween are antiferromagnetically coupled.

Systems, methods, and apparatuses for magnetic field sensors with self-test include a detection circuit to detect speed and direction of a target. One or more circuits to test accuracy of the detected speed and direction may be included. One or more circuits to test accuracy of an oscillator may also be included. One or more circuits to test the accuracy of an analog-to-digital converter may also be included. Additionally, one or more IDDQ and/or built-in-self test (BIST) circuits may be included.

Systems, methods, and apparatuses for magnetic field sensors with self-test include a detection circuit to detect speed and direction of a target. One or more circuits to test accuracy of the detected speed and direction may be included. One or more circuits to test accuracy of an oscillator may also be included. One or more circuits to test the accuracy of an analog-to-digital converter may also be included. Additionally, one or more IDDQ and/or built-in-self test (BIST) circuits may be included.

In some implementations, a sensing device associated with less than a 360 degree measurement range may obtain a set of signal values. The sensing device may be configured to sense a magnetic field present at the sensing device and collect sensor data based on the magnetic field. The set of signal values may be included in the sensor data collected by the sensing device and may correspond to one or more components of the magnetic field present at the sensing device. The sensing device may determine, based on the set of signal values, a set of calibration points and a set of angular positions. The sensing device may calculate a set of calibration parameters based on the set of calibration points and the set of angular positions. The sensing device may utilize the set of calibration parameters to perform one or more safety checks.

The present invention provides a biometric information measuring device with which a diagnostic imaging result and a biomagnetism measurement result can be superimposed simply and with satisfactory accuracy, and which is easy to handle. This biometric information measuring device (1) is provided with: a biomagnetism detecting unit (2) capable of detecting biomagnetism of a subject (S); and a radiation detecting unit (3) capable of acquiring an image corresponding to irradiated radiation, as digital image data, by means of the supply of a power source. The radiation detecting unit (3) is disposed between a measuring region of the subject (S) and the biomagnetism detecting unit (2). Further, it is preferable to provide a control unit (6) capable of performing control such that the power source is not supplied to the radiation detecting unit (3) while the biomagnetism detecting unit (2) is detecting biomagnetism.

The present invention provides a biometric information measuring device with which a diagnostic imaging result and a biomagnetism measurement result can be superimposed simply and with satisfactory accuracy, and which is easy to handle. This biometric information measuring device (1) is provided with: a biomagnetism detecting unit (2) capable of detecting biomagnetism of a subject (S); and a radiation detecting unit (3) capable of acquiring an image corresponding to irradiated radiation, as digital image data, by means of the supply of a power source. The radiation detecting unit (3) is disposed between a measuring region of the subject (S) and the biomagnetism detecting unit (2). Further, it is preferable to provide a control unit (6) capable of performing control such that the power source is not supplied to the radiation detecting unit (3) while the biomagnetism detecting unit (2) is detecting biomagnetism.

An isolating Hall sensor structure having a support structure made of a substrate layer and an oxide layer, a semiconductor region of a first conductivity type which is integrally connected to a top side of the oxide layer, at least one trench extending from the top side of the semiconductor region to the oxide layer of the support structure, at least three first semiconductor contact regions of the first conductivity type, each extending from a top side of the semiconductor region into the semiconductor region. The at least one trench surrounds a box region of the semiconductor region. The first semiconductor contact regions are each arranged in the box region of the semiconductor region and are each spaced apart from one another. A metallic connection contact layer is arranged on each first semiconductor contact region.