Techniques are described herein for displacing liquid away from a signal path of sonic signals in a signal anemometer. A sonic anemometer may include a membrane positioned between a sonic transducer and the open environment. The membrane may be formed of a hydrophobic material that repels the liquid. The membrane may also include a plurality of pores that impede the flow of liquid through the membrane but enables sonic signals to pass through the membrane. The sonic anemometer may also include a reflector that displaces liquid away from the signal path of the sonic anemometer. The reflector may include one or more pores that wick liquid away from the signal path.

Techniques are described herein for displacing liquid away from a signal path of sonic signals in a signal anemometer. A sonic anemometer may include a membrane positioned between a sonic transducer and the open environment. The membrane may be formed of a hydrophobic material that repels the liquid. The membrane may also include a plurality of pores that impede the flow of liquid through the membrane but enables sonic signals to pass through the membrane. The sonic anemometer may also include a reflector that displaces liquid away from the signal path of the sonic anemometer. The reflector may include one or more pores that wick liquid away from the signal path.

An ultrasonic sensor includes: a first electrode that is provided in an ultrasonic microphone including a vibration element having a function of performing conversion between mechanical vibration and an electrical signal; a second electrode that is provided at a position different from the first electrode in an in-plane direction intersecting a directional axis of the ultrasonic microphone; and a detection section that is provided to detect the presence or absence of attached matter attached to the ultrasonic sensor on the basis of a change in capacitance between the first electrode and the second electrode.

An ultrasonic sensor includes: a first electrode that is provided in an ultrasonic microphone including a vibration element having a function of performing conversion between mechanical vibration and an electrical signal; a second electrode that is provided at a position different from the first electrode in an in-plane direction intersecting a directional axis of the ultrasonic microphone; and a detection section that is provided to detect the presence or absence of attached matter attached to the ultrasonic sensor on the basis of a change in capacitance between the first electrode and the second electrode.

A sound transducer and a method for operating a sound transducer are disclosed. In an embodiment a sound transducer includes a first piezoelectric element having first external electrodes configured to generate an acoustic signal from an electrical signal or vice versa, and at least one second external electrode, wherein the second external electrode is separately controllable from the first external electrodes in order to set electro-acoustic properties of the sound transducer.

An ultrasound flow measurement device has a vessel through which a fluid to be measured flows. An ultrasound measurement configuration with an ultrasound transducer is provided for measuring a propagation time of an ultrasound signal containing a plurality of periods along a measurement section that runs partly in a direction of flow. A controller determines a fluid flow on a basis of a propagation time measurement. The controller contains a memory, a first evaluator for determining a period duration of at least one of the periods of an ultrasound signal received after passing through the measurement section, a second evaluator for determining a spread value of a predetermined number of last received ultrasound signals, a comparator for comparing the spread value with a threshold value, and an actioning device for initiating a control action, assigned to the threshold value that has been exceeded, for the ultrasound flow measurement device.

The flasher-type multi-frequency fish finder includes a wideband ultrasonic transducer, a display-rotating disk, a motor and a control device. The plurality of display LEDs are composed of the first, second and third display LEDs. The control device has a signal-separating and obtaining part and a light-emission signal-producing part. The signal-separating and obtaining part separates the reflected signal and obtains the first reflected signal corresponding to the high frequency, the second reflected signal corresponding to the medium frequency, and the third reflected signal corresponding to the low frequency. The light-emission signal-producing part generates first, second and third light-emission signals based on the first, second and third reflection signals, respectively. The first, second and third annular-display regions are concentrically set on the display surface. Underwater detection results by high frequency, medium frequency and low frequency ultrasonic waves are simultaneously indicated by a flashing light in the first, second and third annular-display regions.

The objective of this invention is to provide an ultrasonic-wave transmitter/receiver fish-finder that stabilizes its balanced state while in water to transmit ultrasonic waves vertically downward, thus improving detection accuracy. The ultrasonic-wave transmitter/receiver 10 includes an ultrasonic transducer 21 that transmits and receives ultrasonic waves; a hanging-bell shaped case 50 that houses the ultrasonic transducer 21; and a cable 40 that suspends the case 50. A weight 81 is arranged above the ultrasonic transducer 21 provided at the bottom 54 of the case 50. In addition, the filler A1 is filled into the case 50 such that a cavity A2 is secured in the upper region of the case 50.

A wind speed specification system according to the present disclosure includes an optical fiber (10) laid around a power transmission line (40), a reception unit (20) that receives an optical signal including information indicating a sound generated when an airflow hits the optical fiber (10), from the optical fiber (10), and a specification unit (32) that specifies a wind speed around the optical fiber (10), based on information indicating a sound that is included in the optical signal.

A wind speed specification system according to the present disclosure includes an optical fiber (10) laid around a power transmission line (40), a reception unit (20) that receives an optical signal including information indicating a sound generated when an airflow hits the optical fiber (10), from the optical fiber (10), and a specification unit (32) that specifies a wind speed around the optical fiber (10), based on information indicating a sound that is included in the optical signal.