A method for sampling an Ultra Wide Band signal comprising a step of prearranging a GPR antenna comprising at least one transmitter and one receiver, a variable-gain amplifier, or VGA, a A/D converter and a control unit. The method then comprises the steps of transmitting and receiving a primary Ultra Wide Band signal by the GPR antenna and sampling values of the primary signal relative to a first full-scale portion by the A/D converter. The method also comprises the steps of transmitting and receiving at least one secondary Ultra Wide Band signal by the GPR antenna, amplifying said or each secondary signal by the variable-gain amplifier, and sampling values of said or each secondary signal relative to full-scale portions different from the first portion by the A/D converter.

A method for detecting a moisture damage on an asphalt pavement based on adaptive selection of a penetrating radar (GPR) image grayscale includes the following steps: step 1: obtaining a moisture damage GPR image dataset through asphalt pavement investigation by using a ground GPR, where a GPR image with an appropriate plot scale is selected according to an adaptive GPR image selection method; step 2: adjusting image resolution, specifically, scaling a resolution of an initial GPR image dataset of a damage directly to 224×224 to obtain a BD dataset; step 3: inputting the dataset into a recognition model, specifically, inputting the BD dataset obtained in step 2 into the recognition model, performing operation by the recognition model, and performing step 4; and step 4: outputting a moisture damage result. The new method truly realizes automatic and intelligent target detection based on the GPR.

A method for calculating a sensitivity of a displacement of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) along line-of-sight direction to a slope gradient and a slope aspect is provided, comprising: obtaining SAR data and Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data covering slope bodies, and extracting a local incident angle of an image by utilizing a satellite side-looking imaging principle; carrying out geometric distortion on the slope bodies under ascending and descending orbits by utilizing the local incident angle, to obtain specific locations of geometric distortion areas under ascending and descending orbit; calculating sensitivities of detections to changes of the slope gradient and the slope aspect under ascending and descending orbits according to the extracted parameter information of the SAR satellite in ascending and descending orbits and satellite heights, and dividing a sensitivity distribution by combining the sensitivity and the specific locations of the geometric distortion.

An ultra-wideband ground penetrating radar control system, comprising a synchronous clock generating circuit, a GPS positioning module, a measuring wheel encoder module, a digitally controlled delay circuit for equivalent sampling, an analog-to-digital conversion (ADC) circuit, and a main controller. The synchronous clock generating circuit, the GPS positioning module, the measuring wheel encoder module, the digitally controlled delay circuit and the ADC circuit are all connected to the main controller. The synchronous clock generating circuit is further connected to an external ultra-wideband radar transmitter. The digitally controlled delay circuit is further connected to an external sampling pulse generation circuit for equivalent sampling. The ADC circuit is further connected to an external sampling gate for equivalent sampling. The main controller is further connected to an external server via Ethernet. The volume of an ultra-wideband ground penetrating radar control system is reduced. The connecting cables of the system is simplified. The reliability of the ultra-wideband radar system is improved.

A ground material density measurement system is disclosed. The ground material density measurement system may receive a moisture measurement associated with an amount of moisture on a ground surface of a section of ground material. The ground material density measurement system may determine a GPR measurement associated with the section of ground material. The ground material density measurement system may process the GPR measurement based on the moisture measurement to account for the amount of moisture. The ground material density measurement system may provide density information associated with the section of ground material based on the processed GPR measurement.

A frame body is provided parallel to and proximate with a surface of a structure and extends substantially horizontally from a first side to a second side. A connecting portion is provided to be attached to a cable to provide for vertical movement of the frame body. A robotic arm is affixed proximate to a bottom of the frame body and is able to move horizontally during penetrative imaging of the surface. Moreover, the robotic arm extends to an end proximate with the surface, and a penetrative imaging portion is attached to the robotic arm near the end proximate with the surface. The robotic arm rotates, vertically moving the penetrative imaging portion during penetrative imaging of the surface. In addition, the penetrative imaging portion can be separately rotated about three orthogonal axes of rotation (yaw, pitch, roll) to achieve various angles of approach and orientation to the surface.

Disclosed is a method of determining subsurface temperatures of a surveyed region. The method comprises using a transmitter to transmit a pulsed electromagnetic signal into the ground; using a receiver to detect a return signal following interaction of said transmitted signal with features of the subsurface and determining one or more temperatures within the subsurface from the return signal. The temperature may be determined from a dielectric constant of a subsurface region, as determined from the received signal.

A method of automatically managing a center pivot irrigation machine comprising steps of: (a) providing at least one center pivot irrigation machine and positioning said center pivot irrigation machine such that said center pivot irrigation machine is movable within an irrigated plot around a center thereof; (b) providing a ground penetration radar; (c) mounting said ground penetration radar on said center pivot irrigation machine; (d) moving said center pivot irrigation machine about said center of said irrigated plot; (e) scanning said irrigated by said ground penetration radar at frequencies ranging between 200-1200 MHz; (f) calculating a distribution of soil moisture over a depth from a soil surface; and (g) creating an irrigation plan according to said distribution.

A rhizome-growth monitoring device of a clonal plate is provided, including a supporting frame. A first adjustment rack is fixed above a side of the supporting frame, a side end of which is movably connected to a second adjustment rack. A connection sleeve is movably connected to a bottom end of the second adjustment rack. A lifting cylinder is fixed in the connection sleeve. A camera group is fixed to the lifting cylinder through a connection plate. A rhizome growth monitoring sleeve is fixed at a bottom end of the connection plate, and includes an outer sleeve, an inner sleeve, and a radar monitoring head. The outer sleeve is fixed onto the bottom end of the connection plate. The inner sleeve is screwed to an inner side of the outer sleeve. The radar monitoring head is installed in the inner sleeve and close to a bottom surface thereof.

An antenna for a ground-penetration radar system is disclosed. The antenna has a housing that defines a cavity. A radiator is located on a surface of a planar substrate within the cavity and is connected to a transmission line balun formed on the planar substrate. A wear-block is located between the radiator and the opening to the cavity for providing mechanical protection to the radiator. An absorber assembly is located on an opposite side of the radiator from the opening. The absorber assembly comprises a microwave absorber and a first dielectric layer. The first dielectric layer is located between the radiator and the microwave absorber.