Apparatus, techniques and systems are described for facilitating identification of a target area during a probe-guided radio-localization surgical procedure. The described apparatus, techniques and systems can be used to implement a nuclear-uptake mode controller integrated into a probe to allow a user to instantly switch between multiple nuclear-uptake modes directly from the probe hand-piece. For example, a nuclear-uptake mode controller integrated into the probe can be used to instantly switch between a high-sensitivity nuclear-up-take mode and a high-resolution nuclear-uptake mode to effectively identify the target area in the presence of interfering nuclear signals by better matching the probe's nuclear detection parameters to a search task for that target area.

Provided are an imaging system and method based on multiple-gamma photon coincidence events. The imaging system includes: a plurality of detector assemblies arranged in a non-parallel manner, a time coincidence module and a computer platform. Each detector assembly includes a collimator and a detector configured to measure time and to detect a multiple-gamma photon coincidence event constituted by a plurality of single-gamma photon events cascade-emitted by a radionuclide within a short time. The method is configured to determine validity of the multiple-gamma photon coincidence event, calculate a plurality of non-parallel projection lines where the decay of the radionuclide takes place, determine a location where the decay of the radionuclide takes place according to the non-parallel projection lines, and obtain a distribution of the radionuclide in the subject according to the location where the decay of the radionuclide takes places.

Provided are an imaging system and method based on multiple-gamma photon coincidence events. The imaging system includes: a plurality of detector assemblies arranged in a non-parallel manner, a time coincidence module and a computer platform. Each detector assembly includes a collimator and a detector configured to measure time and to detect a multiple-gamma photon coincidence event constituted by a plurality of single-gamma photon events cascade-emitted by a radionuclide within a short time. The method is configured to determine validity of the multiple-gamma photon coincidence event, calculate a plurality of non-parallel projection lines where the decay of the radionuclide takes place, determine a location where the decay of the radionuclide takes place according to the non-parallel projection lines, and obtain a distribution of the radionuclide in the subject according to the location where the decay of the radionuclide takes places.

An apparatus for detecting a locating medium in tissue includes a probe, and a console. The probe includes a handle and a detector disposed on a distal end of the probe. The console is in communication and includes a display. The display has a first graphical representation and a second graphical representation. The first graphical representation is configured to depict a count real-time count based on a signal from the detector. The second graphical representation is configured to depict a target count.

An apparatus for detecting a locating medium in tissue includes a probe, and a console. The probe includes a handle and a detector disposed on a distal end of the probe. The console is in communication and includes a display. The display has a first graphical representation and a second graphical representation. The first graphical representation is configured to depict a count real-time count based on a signal from the detector. The second graphical representation is configured to depict a target count.

A system for registering operating images includes an X-ray imaging machine, a visible-light camera, a rectifier and a computer system. The X-ray imaging machine captures a first X-ray image of the rectifier, and the visible-light camera captures a first visible-light image of the rectifier at the same time. The computer system recognizes the rectifier in the first X-ray image and in the first visible-light image to compute a conversion model between a coordinate system of the X-ray imager and a coordinate system of the visible-light camera. The X-ray imaging machine also captures a second X-ray image of a patient on which a positioning marker is set, and the visible-light camera captures a second visible-light image of the positioning marker. The computer system provides a navigation interface by combining the second X-ray image and the second visible-light image based on the conversion model.

A system for registering operating images includes an X-ray imaging machine, a visible-light camera, a rectifier and a computer system. The X-ray imaging machine captures a first X-ray image of the rectifier, and the visible-light camera captures a first visible-light image of the rectifier at the same time. The computer system recognizes the rectifier in the first X-ray image and in the first visible-light image to compute a conversion model between a coordinate system of the X-ray imager and a coordinate system of the visible-light camera. The X-ray imaging machine also captures a second X-ray image of a patient on which a positioning marker is set, and the visible-light camera captures a second visible-light image of the positioning marker. The computer system provides a navigation interface by combining the second X-ray image and the second visible-light image based on the conversion model.

A coded mask apparatus is provided for gamma rays. The apparatus uses nested masks, at least one of which rotates relative to the other.

A coded mask apparatus is provided for gamma rays. The apparatus uses nested masks, at least one of which rotates relative to the other.

Disclosed herein is an endoscope comprising: an insertion tube; a radiation detector configured to detect radiation particles in a first range of energy and radiation particles in a second range of energy.