The invention is a method for processing seismic data to eliminate the coherent noise arising from multiple seismic reflections. A decomposition procedure is applied to decompose along N directions of decomposition seismic data into a set of N components. At least one model of multiple reflections is decomposed according to the same decomposition procedure and along the same N directions. For each direction of decomposition, a relative concentration between the component of the model of multiples and the component of the data in the direction concerned is calculated. Next a procedure of adaptive filtering of the multiple reflections is applied to each of the seismic components. The filtered seismic components are recombined with the recombination being weighted by a weighting dependent on the relative concentrations calculated for each direction of decomposition.

A method for deghosting marine seismic streamer data includes receiving the marine seismic data recorded from a single streamer. A representation of an upgoing wavefield in the marine seismic data is defined. The representation of the upgoing wavefield includes a first wave component in a plane and a second wave component that is perpendicular to the plane. A linear system is built that models a wavefield using the representation. The wavefield includes the upgoing wavefield and a downgoing ghost wavefield. The upgoing wavefield is estimated, within the representation, by inverting the linear system.

A method for deghosting marine seismic streamer data includes receiving the marine seismic data recorded from a single streamer. A representation of an upgoing wavefield in the marine seismic data is defined. The representation of the upgoing wavefield includes a first wave component in a plane and a second wave component that is perpendicular to the plane. A linear system is built that models a wavefield using the representation. The wavefield includes the upgoing wavefield and a downgoing ghost wavefield. The upgoing wavefield is estimated, within the representation, by inverting the linear system.

The present disclosure describes computer-implemented methods, computer-program products, and computer systems, for providing parameters for successful automated fault patch extraction. Attributes are selected for annotating images generated from, and for interpretation of, seismic amplitude volume. Images are generated from layers of a seismic cube, each generated using a different attribute of the plural attributes. The plural images are blended using customized palettes and initial parameters to create a blended image illuminating discontinuities in the layers. Optimal parameters are iteratively determined for automatic derivation of fault discontinuities on an interpreter-selected edge-enhanced sub-volume. The iterations are controlled and terminated based on interpreter inputs. The optimal extraction parameters are applied to an entire edge-enhanced volume. Important extracted fault discontinuities are isolated using commercial filtering tools. Extracted fault patches are refined based on received manual interpretation. Patch results are converted to traditional fault objects for further interpretation and refinement.

A method for generating seismic attribute gathers, the method including: computing, with a computer, seismic images with a field dataset; generating, with a computer, synthetic data corresponding to the seismic images; computing, with a computer, an attribute volume by applying an expectation method to the synthetic data; mapping, with a computer, the attribute volume to the seismic images; and generating, with a computer, seismic attribute gathers by stacking the seismic images mapped to the attribute volume.

Computing device, computer instructions and method for correcting an image, of a surveyed surface, due to a free-surface reflection. The method includes calculating a free surface reflection operator for a seismic source displaced in water based on a position of the source, and an air-water interface datum; receiving recorded seismic data d recorded with seismic sensors (r), wherein the recorded seismic data is associated with a pressure and/or a particle motion produced by a seismic wave in earth; correcting the recorded seismic data d based on the free surface reflection operator to obtain transformed seismic data; and generating an image of the surveyed subsurface, based on the transformed seismic data, wherein the image is indicative of various layers of the earth. The free surface reflection operator varies while a source signal is being emitted by the source.

Computing device, computer instructions and method for correcting an image, of a surveyed surface, due to a free-surface reflection. The method includes calculating a free surface reflection operator for a seismic source displaced in water based on a position of the source, and an air-water interface datum; receiving recorded seismic data d recorded with seismic sensors (r), wherein the recorded seismic data is associated with a pressure and/or a particle motion produced by a seismic wave in earth; correcting the recorded seismic data d based on the free surface reflection operator to obtain transformed seismic data; and generating an image of the surveyed subsurface, based on the transformed seismic data, wherein the image is indicative of various layers of the earth. The free surface reflection operator varies while a source signal is being emitted by the source.

Computing device, computer instructions and method for estimating a broadband wavelet associated with a given seismic data set. The method includes receiving broadband seismic data; constructing and populating a misfit function; calculating the broadband wavelet based on the misfit function and the broadband seismic data; and estimating physical reservoir properties of a surveyed subsurface based on the broadband wavelet. The broadband wavelet is constrained, through the misfit function, by (1) an amplitude only long wavelet, and (2) an amplitude and phase short wavelet. The amplitude and phase short wavelet is shorter in time than the amplitude only long wavelet.

Seismic image filtering machines, systems, program products, and computer implemented methods are provided to generate a filtered seismic image responsive to filtered seismic image data generated by attenuating coherent seismic noise from surface waves of an unfiltered wavefield constructed from unfiltered seismic image data through a single downward extrapolation of the unfiltered wavefield using a plurality of nonstationary convolution operators to perform localized filtering at each of a plurality of spatial locations of the unfiltered wavefield. Various embodiments, for example, can beneficially handle strong lateral velocity variations thus making various embodiments effective tools to remove complicated coherent seismic noise which is typically in the form of exponentially decaying evanescent waves. Embodiments of the present invention, for example, can use, as a part of the filtering mechanism, specially designed nonstationary convolution operators that are implemented in the space-frequency domain as nonstationary filters.

A method is described that includes obtaining a multicomponent seismic data set for a subterranean region of interest and determining, using a computer processor, a PP stacked time-domain seismic image and a PS stacked time-domain seismic image from the multicomponent seismic data set. The method further includes transforming a recording-time axis of at least one of the PP stacked time-domain seismic image and the PS stacked time-domain seismic image to produce a pair of coarsely-registered PP and PS seismic images and filtering at least one of the pair to produce a pair of spectrally-matched PP and PS seismic images. Further, the method includes dynamically warping at least one of the pair of spectrally-matched PP and PS seismic images to produce a pair of fully-registered PP and PS seismic images.