A control system is provided for a fluid delivery device. The control system includes an emitter operable to emit a series of pulses of electromagnetic radiation, as well as a detector operable to detect as a series of detection events electromagnetic radiation pulses reflected by an object on which the emitted pulses of electromagnetic radiation are incident. The control system also includes a microprocessor operable to receive signals corresponding to each detection event from the detector, and to analyse a series of samples of the signals received from the detector. Each sample corresponds to a plurality of successive detection events. The microprocessor is also operable to subsequently generate one or more signals to control operation of the fluid delivery device depending on the results of the analysis.

Single board multi-channel programmable detection sensor is disclosed. The sensor has a processor operatively connected to the emitter driver, and a photodetector for controlling one or more operational parameters of the sensor in response to a program. Sensor outputs the TTL signal when desired level of light attenuated or transmitted through the system of fiber optics sensors. The processor sets triggering levels of the signal detected by the sensor in analog fast comparator circuit to threshold based on the signal difference pre-set and actual values.

Single board multi-channel programmable detection sensor is disclosed. The sensor has a processor operatively connected to the emitter driver, and a photodetector for controlling one or more operational parameters of the sensor in response to a program. Sensor outputs the TTL signal when desired level of light attenuated or transmitted through the system of fiber optics sensors. The processor sets triggering levels of the signal detected by the sensor in analog fast comparator circuit to threshold based on the signal difference pre-set and actual values.

A non-contact tool measurement apparatus is used in a machine tool environment. The apparatus includes a transmitter including a first aperture and a laser for generating light that is emitted from the transmitter through the first aperture towards a tool-sensing region. A receiver includes an optical detector and is arranged to receive light from the tool-sensing region. A processor analyses the light detected by the optical detector to enable the measurement of tools in the tool-sensing region. The laser is capable of generating light having a wavelength of less than 590 nm thereby enabling the size of the first aperture to be reduced resulting in a reduction in contaminant ingress. In one embodiment, the laser generates blue light.

A non-contact tool measurement apparatus is used in a machine tool environment. The apparatus includes a transmitter including a first aperture and a laser for generating light that is emitted from the transmitter through the first aperture towards a tool-sensing region. A receiver includes an optical detector and is arranged to receive light from the tool-sensing region. A processor analyses the light detected by the optical detector to enable the measurement of tools in the tool-sensing region. The laser is capable of generating light having a wavelength of less than 590 nm thereby enabling the size of the first aperture to be reduced resulting in a reduction in contaminant ingress. In one embodiment, the laser generates blue light.

Provided are a photoelectric sensor and a threshold setting method. The photoelectric sensor is a photoelectric sensor detecting an object and includes a light reception part, an object determination part, and a setting part. The light reception part receives light to obtain a light reception amount. The object determination part determines presence/absence of the object based on the light reception amount and a threshold. The setting part sets the threshold based on the light reception amount during a period in which it has been determined that the object is present and the light reception amount during a period in which it has been determined that the object is absent.

An optical sensor includes a substrate, a light emitting element, a light receiving element, and an electronic circuit element. Light from the light emitting element is blocked by a detection object to detect the detection object. The light emitting element, the electronic circuit element and the light receiving element are mounted on the same surface of the substrate. The electronic circuit element is disposed between the light emitting element and the light receiving element on a mounting surface of the substrate.

An optical sensor includes a substrate, a light emitting element, a light receiving element, and an electronic circuit element. Light from the light emitting element is blocked by a detection object to detect the detection object. The light emitting element, the electronic circuit element and the light receiving element are mounted on the same surface of the substrate. The electronic circuit element is disposed between the light emitting element and the light receiving element on a mounting surface of the substrate.

A non-contact tool measurement apparatus is used in a machine tool environment. The apparatus includes a transmitter including a first aperture and a laser for generating light that is emitted from the transmitter through the first aperture towards a tool-sensing region. A receiver includes an optical detector and is arranged to receive light from the tool-sensing region. A processor analyses the light detected by the optical detector to enable the measurement of tools in the tool-sensing region. The laser is capable of generating light having a wavelength of less than 590 nm thereby enabling the size of the first aperture to be reduced resulting in a reduction in contaminant ingress. In one embodiment, the laser generates blue light.

A non-contact tool measurement apparatus is used in a machine tool environment. The apparatus includes a transmitter including a first aperture and a laser for generating light that is emitted from the transmitter through the first aperture towards a tool-sensing region. A receiver includes an optical detector and is arranged to receive light from the tool-sensing region. A processor analyses the light detected by the optical detector to enable the measurement of tools in the tool-sensing region. The laser is capable of generating light having a wavelength of less than 590 nm thereby enabling the size of the first aperture to be reduced resulting in a reduction in contaminant ingress. In one embodiment, the laser generates blue light.