Some implementations of the disclosure relate to an optical system, including: a first light source; a secondary light source that is optically coupled to the first light source; a reflective element that is transparent with respect to the first light source but reflective with respect to the secondary light source, the reflective element being disposed between the first light source and the secondary light source; and a semi-reflective layer disposed on the secondary light source, such that reflection of light from the secondary light source by the reflective element and back through the semi-reflective element results in greater than 25% of the light from first light source exiting the optical system.

An optical path switching method is applied to a surveillance module. The method includes: determining a target magnification; and (i) when the target magnification is less than or equal to a maximum magnification of a camera, setting a magnification of the camera to the target magnification, determining that a reflection element is at a first location or in a first working state, and performing image capture by using the camera alone; or (ii) when the target magnification is greater than a maximum magnification of the camera, setting a magnification of the camera to a first magnification, determining that the reflection element is at a second location or in a second working state, and performing image capture by using both the camera and a teleconverter, where a product of the first magnification and a magnification of the teleconverter is the target magnification. The method increases a surveillance distance while reducing costs.

An integrated optically functional multilayer structure includes a flexible, substrate film arranged with a circuit design including at least a number of electrical conductors on the substrate film; and a plurality of top-emitting, bottom-installed light sources provided upon a first side of the substrate film to internally illuminate at least portion of the structure for external perception via associated outcoupling areas, wherein for each light source of the plurality of light sources there is optically transmissive plastic layer, produced upon the first side of the substrate film, said plastic layer at least laterally surrounding the light source, the substrate film at least having a similar or lower refractive index therewith; and reflector design including at least one material layer, provided at least upon the light source and configured to reflect the light emitted by the light source and incident upon the reflective layer towards the plastic layer.

An integrated optically functional multilayer structure includes a flexible, substrate film arranged with a circuit design including at least a number of electrical conductors on the substrate film; and a plurality of top-emitting, bottom-installed light sources provided upon a first side of the substrate film to internally illuminate at least portion of the structure for external perception via associated outcoupling areas, wherein for each light source of the plurality of light sources there is optically transmissive plastic layer, produced upon the first side of the substrate film, said plastic layer at least laterally surrounding the light source, the substrate film at least having a similar or lower refractive index therewith; and reflector design including at least one material layer, provided at least upon the light source and configured to reflect the light emitted by the light source and incident upon the reflective layer towards the plastic layer.

A laser array includes a plurality of laser emitters arranged in a plurality of rows and a plurality of columns on a substrate that is non-native to the plurality of laser emitters, and a plurality of driver transistors on the substrate adjacent one or more of the laser diodes. A subset of the plurality of laser emitters includes a string of laser emitters that are connected such that an anode of at least one laser emitter of the subset is connected to a cathode of an adjacent laser emitter of the subset. A driver transistor of the plurality of driver transistors is configured to control a current flowing through the string.

A reflectivity adjustable wall unit includes a transflective layer, a reflective layer, a first sealing gap defined between the transflective layer and the reflective layer, and a liquid crystal layer in the first sealing gap. The transflective layer is used as an outer layer of the reflectivity adjustable wall unit, and reflects some of ambient light irradiated at the transflective layer while allowing some of the ambient light to pass through. The reflective layer is disposed opposite to the transflective layer. The reflective layer includes an electrochromic reflective layer, a liquid crystal electrode layer and a base substrate, and the electrochromic reflective layer, the liquid crystal electrode layer and the base substrate are sequentially arranged from an outside to an inside. The electrochromic reflective layer has variable reflectivity under control of an external control voltage; and the liquid crystal layer has variable index under control of the liquid crystal electrode layer.

An optical element includes a transmissive layer comprising a multitude of discrete volumes of first and second optical media arranged along the transmissive layer. The discrete volumes are arranged to approximate a desired phase function (typically modulo 2) and are smaller than an operational wavelength in order to provide a range of phase delays needed to adequately approximate the desired phase function. Effecting at least partial reflow of one or both of the optical media can smooth the morphology of the transmissive layer so as to reduce unwanted diffraction or scattering.

A light direction control film is provided. The light direction control film has, in a direction perpendicular to a thickness direction of the light direction control film, a refractive index decreasing from a central region of the light direction control film to each of both sides of the light direction control film gradually. A method for manufacturing a light direction control film and a fingerprint recognition panel including the light direction control film are further provided.

One disclosed example provides a vehicle, comprising an outer shell defining an interior, a component located within the interior, and a multilayer reflector located between the outer shell of the vehicle and the component. The multilayer reflector comprises a plurality of alternating layers of a first material with a first refractive index and a second material with a second refractive index, the second refractive index being higher than the first refractive index.

A lens system and a camera, where the lens system includes a first refractive element, a second refractive element, a reflecting element, and a photosensitive element, where the first refractive element and the reflecting element are disposed along a direction of a first optical axis, the second refractive element and the reflecting element are disposed along a direction of a second optical axis, the first optical axis is perpendicular to the second optical axis, the second refractive element and the photosensitive element are disposed in parallel, an effective aperture diameter of the first refractive element is greater than an effective aperture diameter of the second refractive element in a height direction of the lens system, and the first optical axis is parallel to the height direction of the lens system.