A light source device includes a light source, a wavelength conversion member, and a retroreflective optical member. The light source emits excitation light. The wavelength conversion member includes a first region irradiated with the excitation light and radiates, from the first region, converted light having a wavelength different from that of the excitation light. The retroreflective optical member reflects the converted light toward the first region. The first region is a region that is a part of the wavelength conversion member.

An illumination marker includes a light source and an optical attenuation cover coupled to the light source. The optical attenuation cover is configured to attenuate an intensity of light that passes through the optical attenuation cover based on a length of an optical path of the light through the optical attenuation cover. In some embodiments, the optical attenuation cover may be embodied as a physical barrier cover and include light-blocking structures. Additionally, in some embodiments, the illumination maker may include a diffusive or retro-reflective core rather than the light source.

An illumination marker includes a light source and an optical attenuation cover coupled to the light source. The optical attenuation cover is configured to attenuate an intensity of light that passes through the optical attenuation cover based on a length of an optical path of the light through the optical attenuation cover. In some embodiments, the optical attenuation cover may be embodied as a physical barrier cover and include light-blocking structures. Additionally, in some embodiments, the illumination maker may include a diffusive or retro-reflective core rather than the light source.

An optical bio-sensing device includes a transparent substrate covering a top of a space accommodating therein a sample containing a target bio-material; a signal converter fixed to the transparent substrate, and including the upconversion nanoparticles for receiving incident light and emitting converted light of a wavelength shorter than a wavelength of the incident light; a signal reflector including retroreflection particles bindable to the signal converter via the target bio-material, wherein the retroreflection particles retroreflect the converted light; a light source for irradiating the incident light to the signal converter; and a light receiver for receiving light retroreflected from the signal reflector.

An illumination marker includes a light source and an optical attenuation cover coupled to the light source. The optical attenuation cover is configured to attenuate an intensity of light that passes through the optical attenuation cover based on a length of an optical path of the light through the optical attenuation cover. In some embodiments, the optical attenuation cover may be embodied as a physical barrier cover and include light-blocking structures. Additionally, in some embodiments, the illumination maker may include a diffusive or retro-reflective core rather than the light source.

An illumination marker includes a light source and an optical attenuation cover coupled to the light source. The optical attenuation cover is configured to attenuate an intensity of light that passes through the optical attenuation cover based on a length of an optical path of the light through the optical attenuation cover. In some embodiments, the optical attenuation cover may be embodied as a physical barrier cover and include light-blocking structures. Additionally, in some embodiments, the illumination maker may include a diffusive or retro-reflective core rather than the light source.

A technical concept of the present invention provides: a curved pattern marker capable of improving the precision of position detection and reducing size; and an optical tracking device including the marker. The marker comprises: a first lens unit, which has at least one lens having an incident surface, emits incident light within a target range, and is formed such that a light parallel to an optical axis among the incident light is vertically incident on the incident surface; a pattern unit having a curved pattern formed therein; and a second lens unit arranged between the first lens unit and the pattern unit, and adjusting the light emitted from the first lens unit such that the light is focused on the curved pattern.

A retroreflective device securable to a highway by bonding thereto preferably with a viscous strip applied to the highway prior to solidifying cure of the strip includes a generally globular glass central member, a desirably pigmented adhesive layer over the central member and a plurality of peripheral globular glass members connected to the central member by the pigmented adhesive layer. A method for fabricating the retroreflective device is also disclosed.

A retroreflective device securable to a highway by bonding thereto preferably with a viscous strip applied to the highway prior to solidifying cure of the strip includes a generally globular glass central member, a desirably pigmented adhesive layer over the central member and a plurality of peripheral globular glass members connected to the central member by the pigmented adhesive layer. A method for fabricating the retroreflective device is also disclosed.

A static optical system, for use with a phase modulator, configured to expand (at least up to 4? steradian) the solid angle range within which a light beam can propagate from and after interacting with the phase modulator. A specific embodiment includes a first holographic disperser (a layer with at least one hologram recorded therein, a lens element configured as a large spherical cap, and a second holographic disperser (a layer with at least one hologram in it) shaped as a shell against second optical surface of the lens element. Holographic dispersers carry/contain angularly-selective multiplexed volume holograms.