A monomer represented by Chemical Formula 1: ##STR00001##
wherein, in Chemical Formula 1, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, A.sup.1, A.sup.2, L.sup.1, L.sup.2, o, p, q, and r are the same as defined in the detailed description.

A spiral phase plate, according to one embodiment, for generating a Laguerre Gaussian beam by reflecting an incident beam emitted from a light source, may comprise: a first quadrant area in which the step height increase rate per unit angle decreases progressively in one direction from the point with the lowest step height to the point with the highest step height; and a second quadrant area in which the step height increase rate per unit angle increases progressively in the one direction.

The present invention provides an optical film having a liquid crystal layer having excellent durability, and a liquid crystal film. The optical film of the present invention has an organic base material and a liquid crystal layer disposed on the organic base material, the liquid crystal layer contains a photo-alignment compound, and in the liquid crystal layer, the photo-alignment compound is unevenly distributed on a side of the organic base material.

An optical film includes a polarizer. The polarizer includes a base layer, and a material of the base layer is obtained by dyeing a base material with a dye. The base material includes a polyvinyl alcohol material, and the dye is selected from blue dichroism organic dyes.

A polarization modulator includes a first liquid crystal cell and a second liquid crystal cell. The first liquid crystal cell has a first type of liquid crystals configured to rotate an optical axis of light parallel to a first plane of the first liquid crystal cell. The second liquid crystal cell is configured to receive the light from the first liquid crystal cell. The second liquid crystal cell has a second type of liquid crystals configured to rotate the optical axis of the light perpendicular to a second plane of the second liquid crystal cell.

A laser light source depolarizer includes a laser light source, a light angle adjusting element, a birefringent crystal, and an integration rod. The laser light source is configured to emit a laser light. The light angle adjusting element is configured to change the diffusion angle of the laser light. The light angle adjusting element is disposed between the laser light source and the birefringent crystal. The birefringent crystal is disposed between the light angle adjusting element and the integration rod, and the birefringent crystal is configured to break the polarity of the laser light.

A rollable display device having a normal display status and an expanded display status is disclosed. The rollable display device includes a display layer and an optical layer. The display layer has a greater display area when the rollable display device is in the expanded display status than in the normal display status. The optical layer is attached to the display layer through an adhesive, and the optical layer includes a base layer and a functional layer disposed between the base layer and the adhesive. The functional layer is in contact with the adhesive.

A method for manufacturing a radial or azimuthal polarization conversion component comprises the steps of: placing a holographic recording material between two right-angle prisms, wherein the holographic recording material is divided into at least four sector-shaped areas and is partially shielded, and only one of the sector-shaped areas is exposed each time; allowing a recording light to pass through the right-angle prisms and the exposed sector-shaped area of the holographic recording material and to interfere with a reflected object light on the holographic recording material; rotating the holographic recording material to expose the other sector-shaped areas one by one to be constructed for manufacturing volume holograms with diffraction angles of 48.19 degrees, 60 degrees or about 85 degrees.

A thermal metasurface that provides a planar optical source based on thermal radiation or photoluminescence. The thermal metasurface provides dual perturbative control of both radiative and non-radiative lifetimes of a q-BIC via geometric and material perturbation of monomeric and dimeric pillars.

An imaging device for use with an endoscope, the imaging device comprising: a lens arrangement operable to receive light from a scene captured by the endoscope and to form an image of the scene using the received light; an image sensor operable to capture the image of the scene formed by the lens arrangement; a birefringent device positioned along an optical path between the endoscope and the image sensor, wherein the birefringent device comprises birefringent material arranged in a plurality of concentric rings, and wherein the birefringent material of each of the concentric rings is configured such that the polarisation directions of an ordinary ray and an extraordinary ray of light from the scene which travels through the birefringent material are different for at least two of the plurality of concentric rings; and an image processor operable to process the captured image to generate an output image.