Disclosed are systems and methods for manufacturing energy relays for energy directing systems and Transverse Anderson Localization. Systems and methods include providing first and second component engineered structures with first and second sets of engineered properties and forming a medium using the first component engineered structure and the second component engineered structure. The forming step includes randomizing a first engineered property in a first orientation of the medium resulting in a first variability of that engineered property in that plane, and the values of the second engineered property allowing for a variation of the first engineered property in a second orientation of the medium, where the variation of the first engineered property in the second orientation is less than the variation of the first engineered property in the first orientation.

Disclosed are high-density energy directing devices and systems thereof for two-dimensional, stereoscopic, light field and holographic head-mounted displays. In general, the head-mounted display system includes one or more energy devices and one or more energy relay elements, each energy relay element having a first surface and a second surface. The first surface is disposed in energy propagation paths of the one or more energy devices and the second surface of each of the one or more energy relay elements is arranged to form a singular seamless energy surface. A separation between edges of any two adjacent second surfaces is less than a minimum perceptible contour as defined by the visual acuity of a human eye having better than 20/40 vision at a distance from the singular seamless energy surface, the distance being greater than the lesser of: half of a height of the singular seamless energy surface, or half of a width of the singular seamless energy surface.

Disclosed are systems and methods for manufacturing energy relays for energy directing systems and Transverse Anderson Localization. Systems and methods include providing first and second component engineered structures with first and second sets of engineered properties and forming a medium using the first component engineered structure and the second component engineered structure. The forming step includes randomizing a first engineered property in a first orientation of the medium resulting in a first variability of that engineered property in that plane, and the values of the second engineered property allowing for a variation of the first engineered property in a second orientation of the medium, where the variation of the first engineered property in the second orientation is less than the variation of the first engineered property in the first orientation.

Disclosed embodiments include an energy directing device having one or more energy relay elements configured to direct energy from one or more energy locations through the device. In an embodiment, surfaces of the one or more energy relay elements may form a singular seamless energy surface where a separation between adjacent energy relay element surfaces is less than a minimum perceptible contour. In disclosed embodiments, energy is produced at energy locations having an active energy surface and a mechanical envelope. In an embodiment, the energy directing device is configured to relay energy from the energy locations through the singular seamless energy surface while minimizing separation between energy locations due to their mechanical envelope. In embodiments, the energy relay elements may comprise energy relays utilizing transverse Anderson localization phenomena.

An electronic device may have a housing with a display. A protective display cover layer for the display may have an image transport layer such as an image transport layer formed from optical fibers. Extruded filaments of binder material may be fused together to form a layer of binder for the image transport layer. Each filament may contain multiple embedded optical fibers. As a result of the extrusion process, the optical fibers may be characterized by increasing lateral deformation at increasing distances from the center of the filament in which the optical fibers are embedded. Tension variations and variations in the orientation angle of the fibers in the image transport layer can be maintained below desired limits to ensure satisfactory optical performance for the image transport layer. The optical fibers and binder may be formed from polymers or other clear materials.

Disclosed are transparent energy relay waveguide systems for the superimposition of holographic opacity modulation states for holographic, light field, virtual, augmented and mixed reality applications. The light field system may comprise one or more energy waveguide relay systems with one or more energy modulation elements, each energy modulation element configured to modulate energy passing therethrough, whereby the energy passing therethrough may be directed according to 4D plenoptic functions or inverses thereof.

Disclosed are relay elements exhibiting transverse localization. The relay elements may include a relay element body having one or more structures, where the structures can be coupled in series, in parallel and/or in stacked configurations. The structures may have multiple surfaces such that energy waves propagating therethrough the relay elements may experience spatial magnification or de-magnification.

An optical fiber filter includes a fiber core, inner cladding, and outer cladding. A refractive index of the fiber core, a refractive index of the inner cladding, and a refractive index of the outer cladding progressively decrease in sequence. The fiber core is configured to transmit at least two mutually different first optical signal modes, the inner cladding is configured to transmit at least two mutually different second optical signal modes, and at least one fiber grating is etched on the fiber core. At least part of optical power of a target first optical signal mode is coupled to only a target second optical signal mode at the fiber grating. The target first optical signal mode is one of the at least two first optical signal modes, and the target second optical signal mode is one of the at least two second optical signal modes.

Disclosed are systems and methods for manufacturing energy relays for energy directing systems and Transverse Anderson Localization. Systems and methods include providing first and second component engineered structures with first and second sets of engineered properties and forming a medium using the first component engineered structure and the second component engineered structure. The forming step includes randomizing a first engineered property in a first orientation of the medium resulting in a first variability of that engineered property in that plane, and the values of the second engineered property allowing for a variation of the first engineered property in a second orientation of the medium, where the variation of the first engineered property in the second orientation is less than the variation of the first engineered property in the first orientation.

Disclosed embodiments include an energy waveguide system having an array of waveguides and an energy inhibiting element configured to substantially fill a waveguide element aperture and selectively propagate energy along some energy propagation paths through the array of waveguides. In an embodiment, such an energy waveguide system may define energy propagation paths through the array of waveguides in accordance to a 4D plenoptic system. In an embodiment, energy propagating through the energy waveguide system may comprise energy propagation for stimulation of any sensory receptor response including visual, auditory, somatosensory systems, and the waveguides may be incorporated into a holographic display or an aggregated bidirectional seamless energy surface capable of both receiving and emitting two-dimensional, light field or holographic energy through waveguiding or other 4D plenoptic functions prescribing energy convergence within a viewing volume. The waveguides may include different structures configured for each or all sensory system or energy domain to direct energy through refraction, diffraction, reflection, or other approaches of affecting the propagation paths of energy.