An objective optical system includes a convex secondary mirror configured to reflect a measurement light irradiated from an infrared microscope, a concave primary mirror configured to reflect the measurement light reflected by the secondary mirror, a prism to which the measurement light reflected by the primary mirror is irradiated, and a light shielding means provided on an optical path of the measurement light between the primary mirror and the prism to shield a part of the light beam of the measurement light.

An image capturing unit includes an imaging element and a dual-shot injection-molded optical folding element that are adjacent to each other. The imaging element is configured for an imaging light to pass through. The dual-shot injection-molded optical folding element includes a first part and a second part. The first part is made of transparent material. The first part has a reflective surface configured to reflect the imaging light. The second part is made of opaque material, and the second part is fixed at periphery of the first part. The second part includes a supporting portion configured to support the dual-shot injection-molded optical folding element. The supporting portion maintains the dual-shot injection-molded optical folding element at a predetermined position corresponding to the imaging element through mechanism assembly.

A prism holder for use with a surgical instrument, having a prism. The prism holder including: a casing for receiving the prism; and at least one prism pressure element configured to be brought into contact with a pressure surface of the prism; wherein the casing having an opening for arrangement of the at least one prism pressure element in the opening.

A deflection prism assembly for an endoscope having a lateral viewing direction, the deflection prism assembly including: a prism holder; and a deflection prism accommodated in the prism holder; wherein the deflection prism has a light outlet surface and an opposite light inlet surface arranged obliquely to the light outlet surface, the deflection prism further having a lateral surface extending between the light inlet surface and the light outlet surface; and the prism holder accommodates the deflection prism such that the prism holder surrounds less than all regions of the lateral surface of the deflection prism.

A lens unit with a central axis is provided. The lens unit includes a fixed portion, a movable portion, and a first driving assembly. The fixed portion includes an outer frame and a bottom combined with the outer frame. The outer frame and the bottom are arranged along the central axis. The movable portion is movably connected to the fixed portion, and carries a lens with an optical axis. The central axis is not parallel to the optical axis. The first driving assembly is connected to the movable portion, and drives the movable portion to move relative to the fixed portion. The first driving assembly also includes a biasing element made of a shape memory alloy.

An optical member driving mechanism is provided, including a movable portion, a fixed portion, and a driving assembly. The movable portion is connected to an optical member. The fixed portion has an accommodating space, and the optical member is received in the accommodating space. The movable portion is movable relative to the fixed portion. The driving assembly is configured to drive the movable portion to move relative to the fixed portion.

In a color separation prism that includes a first and second prism blocks bonded to each other, the first and second prism blocks are bonded to the first and second adhesive portions of the first and second base plates, respectively. The first and second base plates are fixed to the first and second base plate-fixing portions of a base with the first and second base-fixing portion interposed therebetween, respectively. The second adhesive portion is disposed between the first and second base plate-fixing portions so that a direction in which the second base plate-fixing portion is displaced from the first base plate-fixing portion and a direction in which the second adhesive portion is displaced from the second base-fixing portion are opposite to each other in a case in which the base and the second base plate expand or contract due to a change in temperature.

An optical element driving mechanism is provided, including a fixed part, a movable part and a driving assembly. The fixed part has a main axis, includes an outer frame and a base. The outer frame has a top surface and a sidewall. The top surface intersects the main axis. The sidewall extends from the edge of the top surface along the main axis. The base includes a base plate intersecting the main axis and securely connected to the outer frame. The movable part moves relative to the fixed part, and connects to an optical element having an optical axis. The driving assembly drives the movable part to move relative to the fixed part. The main axis is not parallel to the optical axis.

A camera module is provided, including a prism base, a prism driving mechanism, a prism unit, a lens unit, and an image sensor. The lens unit is disposed on the lens driving mechanism. The prism base includes a metal member, at least one first wiring layer, and a first insulation layer disposed between the metal member and the first wiring layer. The prism driving mechanism is electrically connected to the first wiring layer. The prism unit is connected to the prism driving mechanism, and the prism driving mechanism can drive the prism unit to rotate relative to the prism base. The image sensor can catch the light reflected by the prism unit and passing through the lens unit.

An optical element driving device is described that includes a fixed portion having supporting holes, a holding member having a supporting surface formed by a supporting portion supporting an optical element, and a supporting shaft supporting the holding member with respect to the fixed portion in a rockable manner. The supporting shaft has two end portions of cylindrical shape for the supporting holes, and a center portion with first and second outer peripheral surface. The first outer peripheral surface is flush with an outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical shape along an axis line of the cylindrical shape. The second outer peripheral surface is located further inside than the first outer peripheral surface. A center of the first outer peripheral surface is on the supporting surface, and the entire second outer peripheral surface is closer to the first outer peripheral surface than the supporting surface.